Epigenetic and non-epigenetic alterations in the cellular aging predisposing LOAD. Epigenetic alterations including nucleosome remodeling, histone modifications, and DNA methylation leads to genomic instability, thereby causing accelerated cellular aging and crossing the threshold for LOAD predisposition in the healthy brain; non-epigenetic alterations including telomere shortening and immunosenescence influenced by epigenetic alterations and aging, in turn, leads to accelerated cellular aging in the brain and predispose LOAD symptoms
KR and PG equally contributed to: Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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© The Author(s) 2023.