Table Info

Table 1.

Comparison of baseline characteristics in the training cohort

Variables	CI-AKI (n = 103)	Non-CI-AKI (n = 347)	t/Z/χ² value	P value
Demographics and clinical features
Age, years	65.87 ± 11.53	62.73 ± 12.87	2.36	0.019
Female gender, n (%)	33 (32.04)	70 (20.17)	6.34	0.012
History of smoking, n (%)	39 (37.86)	160 (46.10)	2.19	0.139
Hypertension, n (%)	46 (44.66)	147 (42.36)	0.17	0.679
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	28 (27.18)	102 (29.39)	0.19	0.664
Anemia, n (%)	18 (17.48)	81 (23.34)	1.59	0.207
Systolic pressure, mmHg	129.01 ± 21.02	126.88 ± 50.98	0.41	0.679
Diastolic pressure, mmHg	79.72 ± 13.01	80.46 ± 51.02	–0.15	0.883
LVEF, %	50.51 ± 6.16	52.37 ± 5.98	–2.74	0.006
Procedural features
Door-to-balloon time, min	60.23 ± 15.61	58.67 ± 12.25	0.78	0.413
Intra-aortic balloon pump, n (%)	4 (3.88)	11 (3.17)	0.13	0.755
Culprit coronary artery
Left anterior descending, n (%)	48 (46.60)	156 (44.96)	0.09	0.768
Left circumflex, n (%)	23 (22.33)	71 (20.46)	0.17	0.682
Right coronary artery, n (%)	31 (30.10)	119 (34.29)	0.63	0.428
Left main, n (%)	1 (0.97)	1 (0.29)	0.84	0.406
Total length of stent, mm	25.37 ± 12.61	23.65 ± 10.47	0.97	0.296
Total time of procedure, min	64.12 ± 40.61	59.36 ± 38.47	0.92	0.355
Contrast volume, mL	126.00 (102.00, 135.00)	122.00 (87.00, 136.00)	1.43	0.156
Laboratory values
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	4.40 ± 0.93	4.44 ± 1.08	–0.56	0.578
Triglycerides, mmol/L	1.20 (0.91, 1.81)	1.18 (0.86, 1.78)	1.04	0.299
HDL-C, mmol/L	1.00 ± 0.24	1.06 ± 0.23	–2.35	0.019
LDL-C, mmol/L	2.77 ± 0.77	2.75 ± 0.88	0.15	0.882
Sd-LDL, mmol/L	1.278 ± 0.512	0.879 ± 0.546	6.61	< 0.001
Lipoprotein(a), mg/L	301.00 ± 182.56	276.15 ± 209.61	1.08	0.280
Prealbumin, g/L	0.223 ± 0.049	0.223 ± 0.049	–0.01	0.990
Albumin, g/L	38.71 ± 3.50	38.73 ± 4.47	0.04	0.965
Total bilirubin, μmol/L	16.79 ± 7.46	15.59 ± 8.45	1.43	0.155
Direct bilirubin, μmol/L	6.12 ± 2.74	5.54 ± 2.75	1.78	0.076
Basal blood glucose, mmol/L	6.24 (5.25, 7.54)	6.00 (5.18, 7.61)	–0.56	0.578
Glycosylated hemoglobin, %	6.74 ± 1.49	6.60 ± 1.53	0.80	0.427
Blood urea, mmol/L	5.99 ± 1.93	5.54 ± 1.83	1.97	0.025
Serum creatinine, μmol/L	65 (56, 75)	55 (46, 67)	4.95	< 0.001
Uric acid, μmol/L	318.72 ± 92.37	273.14 ± 77.03	4.56	< 0.001
eGFR, mL·min^–1·1.73 m^–2	112.58 ± 31.23	127.82 ± 37.69	–4.14	< 0.001
Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L	606 (524, 845)	596 (455, 755)	–0.57	0.624
Creatine kinase, U/L	335 (139, 790)	309 (94, 653)	–0.78	0.435
CK-MB, ng/mL	19.45 (4.22, 62.92)	17.90 (2.85, 43.23)	–0.64	0.552
Hs-cTn, ng/L	199.00 (41.67, 738.80)	193.39 (20.93, 480.40)	–0.59	0.593
White blood cell count, × 10⁹/L	10.39 ± 2.91	9.90 ± 2.92	1.49	0.136
Neutrophil count, × 10⁹/L	8.69 ± 2.90	7.46 ± 2.84	3.84	< 0.001
Lymphocyte count, × 10⁹/L	1.00 (0.70, 1.50)	1.40 (1.00, 2.00)	–5.20	< 0.001
Monocyte count, × 10⁹/L	0.51 ± 0.36	0.54 ± 0.27	–0.98	0.328
Platelet count, × 10⁹/L	207.80 ± 61.32	208.00 ± 57.44	–0.03	0.976
Hemoglobin, g/L	137.95 ± 15.15	139.45 ± 18.11	–0.87	0.387
Red blood cell distribution width, %	12.98 ± 3.17	12.70 ± 0.88	0.88	0.382
Platelet distribution width, %	15.18 ± 2.35	15.78 ± 11.25	–0.53	0.599
Hs-CRP, mg/L	3.20 (1.30, 9.90)	2.60 (1.00, 6.30)	2.12	0.034
NLR	8.10 (5.88, 11.43)	5.36 (3.20, 8.86)	–5.11	< 0.001
PLR	191.33 (141.25, 291.67)	144.38 (98.64, 208.75)	–4.42	< 0.001
SII, × 10⁹/L	1642.79 (1122.94, 2353.75)	959.47 (599.15, 1535.60)	–6.04	< 0.001
Medication
Aspirin, n (%)	103 (100)	347 (100)	-	1
Clopidogrel/ticagrelor, n (%)	103 (100)	347 (100)	-	1
Statins, n (%)	102 (99.03)	343 (98.85)	0.02	0.877
Beta-blockers, n (%)	89 (86.41)	293 (84.44)	0.24	0.624
Nitrates, n (%)	51 (49.51)	117 (51.01)	0.07	0.790
Diuretics, n (%)	48 (46.60)	148 (42.65)	1.26	0.127
Calcium channel blockers, n (%)	15 (14.56)	41 (11.82)	0.55	0.458
ACEI/ARB, n (%)	73 (70.87)	215 (61.96)	2.74	0.098
Heparin, n (%)	85 (82.52)	281 (80.98)	0.13	0.724

LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; CK-MB: creatine kinase-myocardial band; Hs-cTn: high-sensitive cardiac troponin; ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; -: no statistically significant

Supplementary materials

The supplementary material for this article is available at: https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/file/1001114_sup_1.pdf.

Declarations

Author contributions

GS: Conceptualization, Validation, Investigation, Visualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. HH: Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing—review & editing. ZW: Software, Validation, Investigation. HQ: Investigation. YZ: Investigation. DZ: Investigation. YD: Investigation. YL: Writing—review & editing. WL: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing—review & editing, Supervision.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The study protocol was approved by the hospital local Ethics Committee (ethics number: XYFY2021-KL024-01).

Consent to participate

All selected patients provided written informed consent for PCI.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

The raw data supporting the conclusions of this manuscript will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation, to any qualified researcher.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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