Table Info

Table 3.

Studies associating oral bacterial flora with oral cancer and factors that influence the type of flora

Study subject	Author	Reference	Study purpose	Microbes present/role of microbes	Observation
Study associating oral bacterial flora with oral cancer	Karpiński	[11]	Review article	Streptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Capnocytophaga gingivalis	Strongly associated with cancer
	Karpiński	[11]	Review article	Fusobacterium, Veillonella, Actinomyces, Clostridium, Haemophilus, Enterobacteriaceae	Associated with oral cancer and epithelial precursor lesions
	Mager, et al.	[12]	To determine salivary microbiota as a diagnostic indicator of oral cancer	Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Prevotella melaninogenica, Streptococcus mitis	Each of the 3 species when concentration ≥ 0.4 × 10⁵ /mL, could be used as a diagnostic indicator for OSCC with diagnostic sensitivity and specificity ≥ 80%
Study on factors that influence bacterial flora in oral cavity	Mason, et al.	[13]	To identify ethnicity (African Americans, Caucasians, Latinos, and Chinese) affects oral microbiome composition	Filifactor, Mycoplasma, Staphylococcus, Treponema	Ethnicity specific oral microbiome was identified. Filifactor, Mycoplasma, Staphylococcus, and Treponema were increased in abundance in Chinese and Latinos
	Li, et al.	[14]	To illustrate distinctiveness of saliva microbiome under different climatic conditions (Alaskans, Germans, and Africans)	Bacterial genera were uniquely present in only one human group: 48 in the Alaskan group, 37 in the German group, and 22 in the African group. Gemella-Granulicatella, Capnocytophaga-TM7_genera_incertae_sedis, Actinomyces-Veillonella, and Haemophilus-Veillonella were seen in all the three groups	Saliva of humans under different climate presents different composition
	Kato, et al.	[15]	To determine the role of diet in oral microbiome	Saturated fatty acids showed positive association with Betaproteobacteria and Fusobacteria. Vitamins exhibited positive association with Leptotrichiaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Lactobacillaceae was observed in abundance in people with glycaemic load	Oral bacteria are associated with diet intake and diet effects are habitat specific
	Simón-Soro, et al.	[16]	To identify bacteria in various sites in oral cavity	Genera Streptococcus were seen in 40% to 70% on the vestibular surface of incisors and canines but were almost absent on the lingual side	Bacterial composition varies between different teeth surfaces
	Demmitt, et al.	[17]	To find association between human genes and oral microbiome	Most heritable was OTU4483015 of Granulicatella species	The loci that could have an effect on microbial phenotypes were identified to be located on chromosomes 7 and 12

Declarations

Author contributions

KP: Conceptualization, Writing—original draft, Visualisation. SKM, RK, and MM: Supervision, Writing—review & editing. RR: Visualization, Writing—review & editing.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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