Table Info

Table 1.

Blood analysis test results

Test	Findings	Reference values	Interpretation
Hemoglobin A1c	14.4%	< 5.7%	Elevated
Thyroid-stimulating hormone	1.198 mIU/L	0.4–4.0 mIU/L	Normal
Serum lead and copper	Lead: 0 μg/dL Copper: 95 μg/dL	Lead: < 10 μg/dL Copper: 62–140 μg/dL	Normal
Vitamin B1, B9, B12	B1: 5 μg/dL B9: 8 ng/mL DFE B12: 307 pg/mL	B1: 2.5–7.5 μg/dL B9: 2.7–17.0 ng/mL DFE B12: 160–950 pg/mL	Normal
Rapid plasma re-antigen for syphilis	Negative	Positive/negative	Non-reactive
Liver function test ALT/AST	ALT: 49 U/L AST: 52 U/L	ALT: 4–36 U/L AST: 8–33 U/L	Elevated
QuantiFERON TB Gold	Negative	Positive/negative	No TB
Vitamin D	< 13 ng/mL	20–40 ng/mL	Low
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate	16 mm/h	0–22 mm/h	Normal
Cholesterol	298 mg/dL	< 200 mg/dL	Elevated
LDL	203 mg/dL	< 130 mg/dL	Elevated
HDL	34 mg/dL	> 40 mg/dL	Low
Triglycerides	497 mg/dL	< 150 mg/dL	Elevated

DFE: dietary folate equivalent

Declarations

Acknowledgments

This material is based upon work supported (or supported in part) by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration.

Author contributions

ZIM: Conceptualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. GDB, LD, ZE, and EF: Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. TCV: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—review & editing.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The ethical approval of this case study is exempted by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Phoenix Veterans Health Administration (VA) Health Care System.

Consent to participate

Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from the participant.

Consent to publication

Informed consent to publication was obtained from the participant.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

References

DeSai C, Hays Shapshak A. Cerebral ischemia. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023. [PubMed]

Moon CJ, Lee JJ, Kim HW, Jung WY. Clincal, MRI and MRA findings of cheiro-oral-pedal syndrome. J Korean Neurol Assoc. 2003;21:141–5. Korean.

Chen WH. Cheiro-oral syndrome: a clinical analysis and review of literature. Yonsei Med J. 2009;50:777–83. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

Anamnart C, Piyapittayanan S. Cheiro-oral-pedal syndrome as the presenting symptom of brainstem cavernous malformation: a case report. Oxf Med Case Reports. 2020;2020:omaa074. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

Lin HS, Li TH, Fu MH, Wu YS, Liou CW, Chen SS, et al. Cheiro-oral syndrome: a reappraisal of the etiology and outcome. Neurol Asia. 2012;17:21–9.

Jilani TN, Siddiqui AH. Tissue plasminogen activator. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023.

Arboix A, García-Plata C, García-Eroles L, Massons J, Comes E, Oliveres M, et al. Clinical study of 99 patients with pure sensory stroke. J Neurol. 2005;252:156–62. [DOI] [PubMed]

Lin HS, Yin HL, Chi-Chui, Lui CC, Chen WH. Spinal cheiro-oral syndrome: a common neurological entity in an unusual site. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2011;45:583–9. [DOI] [PubMed]

Abdelrasoul AA, Elsebaie NA, Gamaleldin OA, Khalifa MH, Razek AAKA. Imaging of brain infarctions: beyond the usual territories. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2019;43:443–51. [DOI] [PubMed]

10.

Yasuda Y, Morita T, Okada T, Seko S, Akiguchi I, Kimura J. Cheiro-oral-pedal syndrome. Eur Neurol. 1992;32:106–8. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

11.

Yasuda Y, Matsuda I, Akiguchi I, Kameyama M. Cheiro-oral-pedal syndrome in thalamic infarction. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 1993;95:311–4. [DOI] [PubMed]

12.

Igarashi O, Iguchi H, Ogura N, Ichikawa Y, Kiyozuka T, Kawabe K, et al. Cheiro-oral-pedal syndrome due to brainstem hemorrhage. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2006;108:507–10. [DOI] [PubMed]

13.

Chen WH, Li TH, Chen TH, Lin HS, Hsu MC, Chen SS, et al. Crossed cheiro-oral syndrome. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2008;110:1008–11. [DOI] [PubMed]

14.

Kim JS. Restricted acral sensory syndrome following minor stroke. Further observation with special reference to differential severity of symptoms among individual digits. Stroke. 1994;25:2497–502. [DOI] [PubMed]

15.

Shintani S, Tsuruoka S, Shiigai T. Pure sensory stroke caused by a cerebral hemorrhage: clinical-radiologic correlations in seven patients. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2000;21:515–20. [PubMed] [PMC]

16.

Arboix A, Massons J, Grivé E, Sánchez MJ. Incomplete pure sensory stroke due to a pontine lacune. Acta Neurol Belg. 2020;120:405–7. [DOI] [PubMed]

17.

Satpute S, Bergquist J, Cole JW. Cheiro-Oral syndrome secondary to thalamic infarction: a case report and literature review. Neurologist. 2013;19:22–5. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

18.

Pan Y, Elm JJ, Li H, Easton JD, Wang Y, Farrant M, et al. Outcomes associated with clopidogrel-aspirin use in minor stroke or transient ischemic attack: a pooled analysis of Clopidogrel in High-Risk Patients With Acute Non-Disabling Cerebrovascular Events (CHANCE) and Platelet-Oriented Inhibition in New TIA and Minor Ischemic Stroke (POINT) trials. JAMA Neurol. 2019;76:1466–73. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]

19.

Varkey TC, Varkey JA, Sivakumar M, Merhavy ZI. The Mongoose Phenomenon: a new logical heuristic. Galician Med J. 2022;29:E202226. [DOI]