Table Info

Table 3.

Summary of imaging techniques for evaluation of liver stiffness in patients with NAFLD

NMR-based techniques
	End-point	AUROC	Cutoff (kPa)	Diagnostic accuracy (%)	Study population, reference
2D MRE
	AF	0.93–0.96	3.6–4.8	Se 85-Sp 85; PPV 71-NPV 93	628 NAFLD, [77, 113]
	Cirrhosis	0.9	> 4.1	Se 86-Sp 93; PPV 53-NPV 98	384 NAFLD, [77]
3D MRE
– 40Hz	AF	0.98	2.43	Se 100-Sp 94; PPV 72-NPV 100	100 NAFLD, [114]
– 60Hz	AF	0.92	3.4	Se 100-Sp 94; PPV 72-NPV 100
– 40Hz	Cirrhosis	0.99	3.2	Se 86-Sp 96; PPV 81-NPV 97
– 60Hz	Cirrhosis	0.98	4	Se 86-Sp 96; PPV 81-NPV 97

US-based techniques
	End-point	AUROC	Cutoff (kPa)	Diagnostic accuracy (%)	Study population, reference
TE (Fibroscan®)
- M Probe	AF	0.87	7.6–8	Se 89-Sp 77; PPV 43-NPV 95	1, 540 NAFLD, [77]
- XL Probe	AF	0.86	5.7–9.3	Se 75-Sp 74; PPV 43-NPV 95	579 NAFLD, [77]
- M Probe	Cirrhosis	0.92	10.3–11.3	Se 87-Sp 86; PPV 46-NPV 98	1, 362 NAFLD, [77]
- XL Probe	Cirrhosis	0.94	7.2–16	Se 84-Sp 80; PPV 39-NPV 98	654 NAFLD, [77]
ARFI
	SF	0.89		Se 80-Sp 85	723 NAFLD, [136]
2D-SWE
	SF	0.85	9.2		156 NAFLD, [138]
	AF	0.89	> 8.3 < 10.7	Se 71-Sp 90	291 NAFLD, [139]
	Cirrhosis	0.91	13.5		156 NAFLD, [138]
	Cirrhosis	0.88	> 10.5	Se 90-Sp 72	291 NAFLD, [139]

AF (F3); Cirrhosis (F4); significant fibrosis: 4 > F ≥ 2

Declarations

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Giulio Mirabella for his contribution in the graphic support of the production of the figures in this paper.

Author contributions

VR, MM, AA and MP contributed conception and design of the study, VR and MM retrieved and selected the bibliographic references, VR and MM wrote the first draft of the manuscript, AA and MP revised it and wrote specific sessions. All authors contributed to manuscript revision, read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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