Microbiome of periodontal pockets in patients with primary hypothyroidism in combination with periodontal disease
Microorganism
Main group
n = 83
Control group
n = 30
Frequency of detection (%)
Colonization density (lg CFU/mL)
(M ± m)
Frequency of detection (%)
Colonization density (lg CFU/mL)
(M ± m)
Facultative anaerobic bacteria
Gram-positive cocci
α-hemolytic streptococci
93.30
6.80 ± 0.20
100.00
6.75 ± 0.11
β-hemolytic streptococci
51.70
5.20 ± 0.20
26.70
3.39 ± 0.17**
Coagulase-positive staphylococci
75.50
5.60 ± 0.10
33.30
3.94 ± 0.16**
Coagulase-negative staphylococci
78.30
4.40 ± 0.19
46.70
4.02 ± 0.18**
Corynebacterium
33.30
3.60 ± 0.10
13.30
1.44 ± 0.17**
Gram-negative rods
Escherichia coli
35.00
2.30 ± 0.10
10.00
0.13 ± 0.08**
Klebsiella
15.00
1.22 ± 0.30
0.00
-
Non-pathogenic Neisseria
55.00
2.73 ± 0.21
43.30
5.32 ± 0.11**
Microaerophilic bacteria
Lactobacilli
68.30
3.41 ± 0.21
53.30
5.77 ± 0.18**
Obligate anaerobic bacteria
Fusobacteria*
68.30
-
100.00
-
Veillonella*
66.70
-
100.00
-
Prevotella
43.30
-
0.00
-
Porphyromonas
83.30
-
0.00
-
Spiral shaped bacteria
Spirochaeta*
75.00
-
100.00
-
Saccharomycetaceae fungus
Candida fungi
51.70
3.20 ± 0.10
6.70
1.23 ± 0.21**
*: microorganisms that are identified by the microscopic method; **: P < 0.05; -: not detected
Declarations
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank professor of Lviv Polytechnic National University, Orest Kochan, for his intellectual assistance, advice and support at all stages of preparation of this paper. The work is a fragment of inter-department scientific research work “Comorbid conditions in the clinic of internal medicine and the practice of a family doctor: predictors of development, early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment” (state registration number 0133U4001244).
Author contributions
OD: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. SC: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—review & editing. SB and KL: Investigation, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Writing—review & editing. NM: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft. NC and ML: Validation, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. NT: Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the submitted version.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
The Bioethics Committee of I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University Ministry of Health of Ukraine approved the study protocols (excerpt from protocol No. 73) on April 3, 2023. All the patient investigations conformed to the principles outlined in the Council of Europe Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (April 4, 1997), the World Health Association Helsinki Declaration on Ethical Principles for Scientific Research with Human Participation (1964–2000), and the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 281 of November 1, 2000; Declaration of Helsinki “World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects” (2001), Code of Scientist of Ukraine (2009). All patients’ examinations were done with informed consent.
Consent to participate
Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets for this study can be found in the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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