Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, accuracy, and concordance of electrocardiogram variables in comparison with echocardiography
Variables
Sensitivity
Specificity
PPV
NPV
PLR
NLR
Accuracy
κ
P-value
RAE
53.57%
77.27%
75.00%
56.67%
2.35
0.60
64.00%
0.30
0.027*
LAE
25.00%
94.12%
66.67%
72.73%
4.25
0.80
72.00%
0.23
0.052
RV-PO
86.36%
57.14%
61.29%
84.21%
2.02
0.24
70.00%
0.43
0.002*
RV-VO
63.64%
58.97%
30.47%
85.19%
1.55
0.62
60.00%
0.16
0.184
LV-PO
100.00%
54.17%
8.33%
100.00%
2.18
0.00
56.00%
0.09
0.133
LV-VO
46.67%
94.29%
77.78%
80.49%
8.17
0.57
80.00%
0.46
< 0.001*
BVH
50.00%
62.50%
5.26%
96.77%
1.33
0.80
62.00%
0.03
0.709
PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value; PLR: positive likelihood ratio; NLR: negative likelihood ratio; RAE: right atrial enlargement; LAE: left atrial enlargement; RV: right ventricle; LV: left ventricle; PO: pressure overload; VO: volume overload; BVH: biventricular hypertrophy; *: concordance (agreement) between electrocardiogram and echocardiography, as measured by κ, is significant at P < 0.05
The authors acknowledge the in-kind support provided by the Philanthropy Nepal (Paropakari Nepal) Research Collaboration.
Author contributions
Romila C: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft. GK: Conceptualization, Data curation. KR: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft. Ritesh C: Formal analysis, Writing—original draft. RA and KSD: Conceptualization. NA: Conceptualization, Data curation. All authors critically reviewed the original draft. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, Devki Devi Foundation (Reference No: RS/MSSH/DDF/SKT-2/IEC/PED-CARDIO/20-44).
Consent to participate
Patient consent was waived as the data were collected retrospectively from the hospital records.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.
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