Examination of the relationship between different circulating progenitor or mature endothelial cells and the risk of AD/dementia by using Cox proportional hazards regression models after adjusting for covariates

Circulating cellsNumber/mL (%)
Median [Q1, Q3]
AD
HR (95% CI)
P valueAll-cause dementia
HR (95% CI)
P value
CD34+CD133+2.61 × 104 [1.65 × 104, 4.39 × 104]
0.031 [0.020, 0.049]
0.64 (0.44, 0.94)
n = 1,340
0.02*0.63 (0.45, 0.87)
n = 1,362
0.006*
CD34+CD133–2.13 × 104 [1.38 × 104, 3.19 × 104]
0.025 [0.017, 0.038]
0.79 (0.49, 1.27)
n = 1,340
0.330.74 (0.50, 1.10)
n = 1,362
0.14
CD34–CD133+3.06 × 104 [2.33 × 104, 4.15 × 104]
0.037 [0.028, 0.047]
0.56 (0.28, 1.14)
n = 1,340
0.110.81 (0.46, 1.43)
n = 1,362
0.47
CD34–CD133–8.59 × 107 [6.91 × 107, 10.56 × 107]
99.90 [99.90, 99.90]
342.92 (0.62, 1.91 × 105)
n = 1,340
0.0762.05 (0.37, 1.03 × 104)
n = 1,362
0.11
CD34+6.36 × 104 [4.44 × 104, 9.51 × 104]
0.076 [0.053, 0.110]
0.62 (0.36, 1.04)
n = 1,415
0.070.61 (0.39, 0.96)
n = 1,436
0.03*
CD34+/KDR+3.38 × 106 [1.96 × 106, 5.71 × 106]
3.96 [2.33, 6.58]
0.91 (0.65, 1.28)
n = 1,416
0.590.91 (0.68, 1.23)
n = 1,437
0.55
CD31+/CD45–5.14 × 105 [2.93 × 105, 8.78 × 105]
0.60 [0.36, 1.01]
0.85 (0.62, 1.17)
n = 1,431
0.320.85 (0.65, 1.11)
n = 1,453
0.24
CD31+1.73 × 107 [1.19 × 107, 2.42 × 107]
20.24 [15.12, 26.00]
0.86 (0.43, 1.70)
n = 1,400
0.650.74 (0.42, 1.31)
n = 1,421
0.30
CD31–3.11 × 107 [2.35 × 107, 4.02 × 107]
39.39 [29.98, 47.93]
1.46 (0.69, 3.08)
n = 1,400
0.321.64 (0.85, 3.16)
n = 1,421
0.14
CD31+DIM3.36 × 107 [2.38 × 107, 4.43 × 107]
39.03 [31.99, 46.82]
0.73 (0.32, 1.66)
n = 1,400
0.450.73 (0.36, 1.48)
n = 1,421
0.38
CD31+lymphoid6.57 × 107 [5.38 × 107, 8.22 × 107]
79.76 [74.00, 84.88]
1.91 (0.16, 22.65)
n = 1,400
0.612.76 (0.32, 24.12)
n = 1,421
0.36

The concentration (cell number/mL) and the proportion (%) of different circulating endothelial cell (EPCs) and EMCs are illustrated in the 2nd column. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to study the relationship between the proportions (%) of different subtypes of EPCs and EMCs (log-transformed) and the risk of AD or all-cause dementia after adjusting for age, sex, years of education, APOE ε4, and vascular diseases. HR with 95% CI with P values is shown. * P value significant < 0.05; CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; Q: quartile