Examination of the relationship between different circulating progenitor or mature endothelial cells and the risk of AD/dementia by using Cox proportional hazards regression models after adjusting for covariates
Circulating cells | Number/mL (%)Median [Q1, Q3] | ADHR (95% CI) | P value | All-cause dementiaHR (95% CI) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CD34+CD133+ | 2.61 × 104 [1.65 × 104, 4.39 × 104]0.031 [0.020, 0.049] | 0.64 (0.44, 0.94)n = 1,340 | 0.02* | 0.63 (0.45, 0.87)n = 1,362 | 0.006* |
CD34+CD133– | 2.13 × 104 [1.38 × 104, 3.19 × 104]0.025 [0.017, 0.038] | 0.79 (0.49, 1.27)n = 1,340 | 0.33 | 0.74 (0.50, 1.10)n = 1,362 | 0.14 |
CD34–CD133+ | 3.06 × 104 [2.33 × 104, 4.15 × 104]0.037 [0.028, 0.047] | 0.56 (0.28, 1.14)n = 1,340 | 0.11 | 0.81 (0.46, 1.43)n = 1,362 | 0.47 |
CD34–CD133– | 8.59 × 107 [6.91 × 107, 10.56 × 107]99.90 [99.90, 99.90] | 342.92 (0.62, 1.91 × 105)n = 1,340 | 0.07 | 62.05 (0.37, 1.03 × 104)n = 1,362 | 0.11 |
CD34+ | 6.36 × 104 [4.44 × 104, 9.51 × 104]0.076 [0.053, 0.110] | 0.62 (0.36, 1.04)n = 1,415 | 0.07 | 0.61 (0.39, 0.96)n = 1,436 | 0.03* |
CD34+/KDR+ | 3.38 × 106 [1.96 × 106, 5.71 × 106]3.96 [2.33, 6.58] | 0.91 (0.65, 1.28)n = 1,416 | 0.59 | 0.91 (0.68, 1.23)n = 1,437 | 0.55 |
CD31+/CD45– | 5.14 × 105 [2.93 × 105, 8.78 × 105]0.60 [0.36, 1.01] | 0.85 (0.62, 1.17)n = 1,431 | 0.32 | 0.85 (0.65, 1.11)n = 1,453 | 0.24 |
CD31+ | 1.73 × 107 [1.19 × 107, 2.42 × 107]20.24 [15.12, 26.00] | 0.86 (0.43, 1.70)n = 1,400 | 0.65 | 0.74 (0.42, 1.31)n = 1,421 | 0.30 |
CD31– | 3.11 × 107 [2.35 × 107, 4.02 × 107]39.39 [29.98, 47.93] | 1.46 (0.69, 3.08)n = 1,400 | 0.32 | 1.64 (0.85, 3.16)n = 1,421 | 0.14 |
CD31+DIM | 3.36 × 107 [2.38 × 107, 4.43 × 107]39.03 [31.99, 46.82] | 0.73 (0.32, 1.66)n = 1,400 | 0.45 | 0.73 (0.36, 1.48)n = 1,421 | 0.38 |
CD31+lymphoid | 6.57 × 107 [5.38 × 107, 8.22 × 107]79.76 [74.00, 84.88] | 1.91 (0.16, 22.65)n = 1,400 | 0.61 | 2.76 (0.32, 24.12)n = 1,421 | 0.36 |
The concentration (cell number/mL) and the proportion (%) of different circulating endothelial cell (EPCs) and EMCs are illustrated in the 2nd column. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to study the relationship between the proportions (%) of different subtypes of EPCs and EMCs (log-transformed) and the risk of AD or all-cause dementia after adjusting for age, sex, years of education, APOE ε4, and vascular diseases. HR with 95% CI with P values is shown. * P value significant < 0.05; CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; Q: quartile
The supplementary materials for this article are available at: https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/file/1001216_sup_1.pdf
We want to express our thanks to the FHS participants for their decades of dedication and to the FHS staff for their hard work in collecting and preparing the data.
YW and J Huang: Data curation, Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft. TFAA: Data curation, Investigation, Formal analysis, Writing—review & editing. YZ and QT: Data curation, Investigation. JM, MA, GVD, AB, AG, MR, BG, J Han, KLL, and TDS: Formal analysis, Writing—review & editing. RA and LAF: Supervision, Formal analysis, Writing—review & editing. XZ and WQQ: Conceptualization, Writing—review & editing, Methodology, Supervision.
Lindsay A. Farrer who is the Editor-in-Chief of Exploration of Medicine had no involvement in the decision-making or the review process of this manuscript.
The FHS was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Boston University, and all participants provided written informed consent. The ROS and MAP studies were approved by the Institutional Review Board of Rush University Medical Center. All participants signed an informed consent, an Anatomic Gift Act for brain donation, and a repository consent to allow their data and biospecimens to be shared.
Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.
Not applicable.
The FHS data is available at dbGaP (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/study.cgi?study_id=phs000007.v33.p14) upon reasonable request/application. The ROSMAP data is available at the AD Knowledge Portal (https://adknowledgeportal.org). The other datasets that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
This study was supported by National Institute on Aging grants [U19-AG068753, RF1-AG057519, and R01-AG048927]. The FHS data collection was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contract [N01-HC-25195]. The sponsor institutes did not play any role in design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
© The Author(s) 2024.