Notable studies of DKA

Study (year)Study designCase presentation
Nanavati et al. (2018) [6]Case seriesThis case series examined six patients with DKA, all presenting severe nausea and vomiting.
Jaramillo et al. (2020) [14]Case seriesThe case series examined instances of DKA presenting with elevated pH levels, contrary to the typical acidic pH associated with DKA. They reported three cases of DKA with paradoxical alkalosis, emphasizing the importance of recognizing this atypical presentation to avoid misdiagnosis and delay in treatment. The study underscores the need for clinicians to consider DKA even in cases with alkalotic pH, especially in diabetic patients with metabolic derangements. Early recognition and management are crucial to prevent complications and improve patient outcomes.
Kumar et al. (2018) [15]Literature reviewA case of a 25-year-old female with DKA exhibiting intractable vomiting, alkalotic pH, and high AG.
Brill et al. (2024) [16]Case reportAnother case report highlighted a 52-year-old female with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type 2 who presented with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which are common symptoms of DKA.
Svart et al. (2015) [7]Case seriesA case series involving six patients with DKA, three of such cases presented with keto-alkalosis in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, all presenting severe symptoms like nausea and vomiting and two of them had severe GES-treated gastroparesis. All patients had high levels of 3-OHB and a high AG.

GES: gastric electrical stimulation; 3-OHB: 3-hydroxybutyrate; DKA: diabetic ketoacidosis; AG: anion gap