Table Info

Table 2.

Clinical characteristics in male and female groups

Characteristics	Male (N = 1,016)	Female (N = 1,640)	P value
Age (year)	62.00 ± 10.11	60.69 ± 9.00	0.001
Diabetes mellitus (%)	24.61	21.52	0.062
Coronary artery disease (%)	22.24	14.57	< 0.001
Hypertension (%)	53.64	46.59	< 0.001
Smoking (%)	39.67	2.50	< 0.001
Stroke (%)	16.44	9.02	< 0.001
Calcium channel blocker (%)	25.00	20.55	0.008
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (%)	5.12	3.23	0.015
Angiotensin II receptor blocker (%)	14.47	14.70	0.877
Beta blockers (%)	12.70	8.84	0.001
Glycosidase inhibitors (%)	8.66	9.09	0.766
Metformin (%)	8.56	7.99	0.596
Sulfonylureas (%)	4.43	3.48	0.213
Insulin (%)	3.25	3.11	0.841
Statins (%)	25.98	23.23	0.106
Waist circumference (cm)	89.38 ± 8.41	82.45 ± 9.06	< 0.001
Hip circumference (cm)	98.35 ± 6.64	96.14 ± 7.79	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m²)	25.46 ± 3.26	25.10 ± 5.83	0.042
CAVI	8.68 ± 1.41	8.38 ± 1.24	< 0.001
SBP (mmHg)	135.91 ± 16.97	133.46 ± 17.81	< 0.001
DBP (mmHg)	85.43 ± 12.70	82.27 ± 12.93	< 0.001
Creatinine (μmol/L)	78.37 ± 19.74	60.67 ± 23.00	< 0.001
FPG (mmol/L)	6.26 ± 1.91	6.05 ± 2.05	< 0.001
UA (μmol/L)	363.76 ± 141.42	306.02 ± 150.21	< 0.001
TC (mmol/L)	4.77 ± 1.13	5.31 ± 1.12	< 0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.21 ± 0.30	1.41 ± 0.42	< 0.001
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.72 ± 0.84	3.00 ± 0.89	< 0.001
TG/HDL-C ratio	1.66 ± 1.93	1.47 ± 4.51	< 0.001
hs-CRP (mg/L)	2.79 ± 6.47	2.46 ± 5.38	0.091
Homocysteine (μmol/L)	15.50 ± 8.71	11.02 ± 4.77	< 0.001
HbA1c (%)	5.98 ± 1.22	5.84 ± 1.09	0.005
TG (mmol/L)	1.79 ± 1.51	1.86 ± 6.45	0.569

Comparisons between the two groups were analyzed by t-test, and the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was used for non-normally distributed data (hs-CRP, TG/HDL-C ratio, TG). Proportions were analyzed by χ²-test. BMI: body mass index; CAVI: cardio-ankle vascular index; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs-CRP: hypersensitive C-reactive protein; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP: systolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; UA: uric acid

Declarations

Author contributions

JL: Conceptualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. HW: Conceptualization, Writing—review & editing. HL, HZ and NZ: Formal analysis, Writing—review & editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Conflicts of interest

No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by all authors.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the ethics committee of Peking University Shougang Hospital (reference number: SGYYZ202105).

Consent to participate

During the initial visit, the participant was informed that their clinical data might be used for future analysis and publication of academic papers, and the informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. We are also deeply grateful for the patient’s participation.

Consent to publication

The patients were informed that their clinical data might be used for future analysis and publication of academic papers, and the consent was obtained.

Availability of data and materials

The datasets that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Funding

This work was supported by the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research [2020-2-6042]; Key medical disciplines/schools of Shijingshan district (Vascular Medicine); Key clinical projects in Peking University Shougang Hospital [2019-Yuan-LC-01]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Copyright

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