Randomized clinical trial evaluating canagliflozin
| Study name | Sample | Duration | Outcome | Adverse drug events | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common | Uncommon | |||||
| CREDENCE (Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation) | 4,200 participants | 5 to 5.5 years | Reduced likelihood of end-stage kidney disease, a two-fold increase in serum creatinine levels, or fatalities stemming from renal or cardiovascular origins within the canagliflozin group | Amputation, fracture, hyperkalemia, acute kidney injury | Renal cell carcinoma, breast cancer, bladder cancer, diabetic ketoacidosis, acute pancreatitis | [36] |
| CANVAS(Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study) | 10,142 participants | 13.5 years | Decreased probability of hospitalization due to heart failure, advancement of albuminuria, and substantial decline in kidney function among individuals treated with canagliflozin | Amputations of toes, feet or legs, male or female genital infection, osmotic diuresis, volume depletion, urinary tract infections, fractures including low trauma fractures | Diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperkalemia, acute kidney injury, pancreatitis, malignancies | [37] |
| CANVAS(Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study) | 215 participants | 1 year | The introduction of canagliflozin alongside existing sulfonylureas consistently led to enduring decreases in HbA1c levels and fasting plasma glucose, all the while avoiding an elevation in the occurrence of hypoglycemia and an increase in body weight | Male and female mycotic genital infection, renal impairment, osmotic diuresis, urinary tract infection, fracture, hypoglycemia | Hypokalemia, volume-related events | [38] |
