Table Info

Table 1.

Showing baseline demographic and characteristics for each group

Variables		Mean (SD)	Male, N (%)	Female, N (%)	No dysplasia, N (%)	Mild dysplasia, N (%)	Smokers, N (%)	Non-smokers, N (%)	p-value
Age	Group A	50.37 (8.67)							0.399
	Group B	54.93 (8.83)
	Group C	51.62 (11.45)
Gender	Group A		14 (93.3)	1 (6.7)					0.567
	Group B		14 (93.3)	1 (6.7)
	Group C		12 (85.7)	2 (14.3)
Dysplasia stage at baseline	Group A				8 (53.3)	7 (46.7)			0.529
	Group B				9 (60.0)	6 (40.0)
	Group C				10 (71.4)	4 (28.6)
Smoking	Group A						11 (73.3)	4 (26.7)	0.418
	Group B						8 (53.3)	7 (46.7)
	Group C						10 (71.4)	4 (28.6)

SD: standard deviation. Significance level at p-value < 0.05

Supplementary materials

The supplementary material for this article is available at: https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/file/1001290_sup_1.pdf.

Declarations

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Noha Azab lecturer of the Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, at the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University for her help in the clinical part and follow-up with the patients.

Author contributions

GN: Investigation, Data curation, Writing—original draft, Resources. FMZ: Conceptualization, Investigation, Data curation, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. AE and AF: Methodology, Writing—original draft. DG: Validation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. BE: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Methodology. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest to report regarding the present study.

Ethical approval

The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Scientific Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University (approval No. 17 8 3). The aim of the study was explained to all subjects participating in this study and written informed consents were obtained before enrolment.

Consent to participate

The informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

The datasets used and/or analyses used during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

Publisher’s note

Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.

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