Main demographic, diseases and therapeutic characteristics, and diagnostic and surgical interventions in the study population with DFS
Characteristics
Mean value ± SD
Sex Males (%)
73.3
Age (years)
70.9 ± 10.35
Age of onset of T2D (years)
49.2 ± 15.5
Duration of diabetes (years)
19.2 ± 16.3
BMI (Kg/m2)
30.2 ± 7.6
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)
143.7 ± 20.5
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)
75.5 ± 10.9
Heart Rate (bpm)
80.4 ± 14.4
Glasgow Come Scale (0–15)
14.9 ± 0.3
Pain scale (NRS 0–10)
2.6 ± 3.4
Body Temperature (°C)
36.5 ± 0.7
Co-morbidity at admission
Frequency (%)
Heart failure
17.8
Soft tissue inflammation
82.7
Osteomyelitis
56
PAD
76
Retinopathy
40.5
CKD (no. of patients)
48
Stage IIIa (eGFR 59-45 mL/min)
20
Stage IIIb (eGFR 44-30 mL/min)
12
Stage IV (eGFR 29-15 mL/min)
12
Stage V (eGFR < 15 mL/min)
4
Ischemic Heart Disease
50
Atrial Fibrillation
14.7
Previous Stroke
13.3
Active cancer
5.4
Dementia
4
Hepatic Steatosis
16
COPD
6.7
Smokers
12.3
Therapy at admission
Frequency (%)
Anti-hypertensive
74.7
Oral antidiabetics
56.8
Insulin
54.1
Antiplatelet agents
64.4
Statins
54.1
Primary Endpoints
Frequency (%)
Lower limb amputation (total 21 patients)
28.4%
Major: 4.1%
Minor/Curative: 24.3%
Mortality in Diabetic Foot Unit (no patient)
0%
Secondary Endpoints
Mean value ± SD
In-hospital duration of antibiotic therapy (days)
18 ± 9.8
Total duration of antibiotic therapy (days)
23.9 ± 15.9
Time of hospital stay (days)
18.4 ± 7.9
Others
Frequency (%)
Percutaneous angioplasty
41.3%
Transfer to Intensive Care Unit (total 4 patients)
5.3%
Declarations
Author contributions
MM and CC conceived and designed this study. MM, AC, PA and FG designed the statistical analysis and analyzed the data. MM, FG, CC, AC and LR interpreted the results. MM wrote the first draft of manuscript. MM, FG, CC and LR contributed to the writing of the manuscript. All authors have read and confirmed the data in the manuscript and they can take the responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis, read and approved the submitted version.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee (reference number 855/2019).
Consent to participate
Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.
Consent of publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The raw data supporting the conclusions of this manuscript will be made available by the authors to any qualified researcher. The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available as they are held by AOU Modena Health Organization as an integral part of their statutory activity. Any request for access should be directly submitted to Principal Investigator/Author.
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