Table Info

Table 2.

Immunotherapies for glioblastoma

Serial No.	Immune therapies	Observations	References
1	DCVax	Higher levels of tumor-associated antigens on GBM cells or a GBM stem cell population were linked to prolonged overall survival and progression-free survival	[96]
2	PD-1 antibody	Treatment of malignancies melanoma, is used to block the immunological checkpoint. Immune checkpoint blockade, in contrast to employing CTL to fight cancer, shuts down the immune response in a way that allows depleted CTL to attack cancer	[97]
3	MAbs (bevacizumab)	Block tumor blood vessels from growing and are also used for the treatment of a variety of cancers, including GBM	[102]
4	NCAMs	Overexpression of NK-1R in glioma tumors has led to the development of NK-1R-targeted therapies for the treatment of glioma tumors	[99]

Declarations

Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, for providing the entire infrastructure to complete this project.

Author contributions

M Singh and DJ contributed in conceptualization, design of the work, resourcing, interpretation of data. M Singh, DJ, VA, DP, M Sharma, and PP contributed to writing—original draft, and writing—review & editing; M Singh, SM, and R contributed in supervision; M Singh, DJ, SM and R contributed in data curation, and validation.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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