Table Info

Table 1.

Potential novel therapeutic approaches based on TILs in the management of CCA

Tumor type	Experimental methods	Treatment	Result	References
ICCA	Animal model	chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9)	The disruption of natural killer (NK) cell recruitment into the tumor results in an increased tumor burden	[1]
ICCA	Animal model	DNA vaccination targeting CTLA-4/PDL1	The implementation of DNA vaccination directed towards CTLA-4-PDL1 resulted in the inhibition of tumor growth	[2]
ICCA	Animal model	Combined anti-CD40/PD1	The growth of ICCA cells was inhibited, resulting in a longer survival in mice	[3]
CCA	Cell culture experiment	Gemcitabine combined with cytotoxic CTLs	A synergistic effect that enhances the apoptosis of cancer cells	[4]
CCA	Cell culture experiment	Honokiol plus DCs-based vaccine	Honokiol plus DCs-based vaccine enhanced the killing effect of T lymphocytes	[5]
CCA	Cell culture experiment	Cytokine-activated killer (CAK) cells with cetuximab	The co-administration of CAK cells and cetuximab resulted in a substantial increase in cytotoxic activity	[6]

Declarations

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express their gratitude to EditSprings (https://www.editsprings.cn) for the expert linguistic services provided.

Author contributions

CL and LB: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. MC and JY: Validation, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

This work was supported by the grant from the National Natural Science Foundation Cultivation fund of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital [PY2022035]; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital Science Fund for Young Scholars [QN202210]; Medical Health Plan of Zhejiang Province [2024KY790]. All funding was awarded to Dr. Muhua Chen. The funder provided only language assistance during the manuscript writing process and played no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, publication decision, or writing of the manuscript.

Copyright

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