Table Info

Table 5.

Univariate analysis for PFS and OS using Cox proportional hazards regression model in chemotherapy cohort

Characteristics	PFS		OS
Characteristics	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P
Age	1.03 (0.93–1.15)	0.594	0.99 (0.97–1.02)	0.522
Gender (male vs. female)	0.31 (0.02–2.31)	0.316	0.75 (0.40–1.51)	0.391
BMI	0.93 (0.70–1.21)	0.596	0.97 (0.90–1.04)	0.404
ECOG PS (2 vs. 0/1)	1.67 (0.87–3.02)	0.102	2.33 (1.18–4.38)	0.011
Smoking (never vs. ever)	1.42 (0.83–2.45)	0.198	1.26 (0.70–2.26)	0.432
Histology (squamous vs. non-squamous)	1.11 (0.64–1.96)	0.721	1.23 (0.67–2.20)	0.489
PD-L1 expression (< 50% vs. ≥ 50%)	1.33 (0.66–2.46)	0.393	1.50 (0.71–2.93)	0.259
Brain metastasis at subsequent line chemotherapy (yes vs. no)	1.59 (0.48–3.96)	0.379	2.29 (0.66–5.76)	0.134
Bone metastasis at subsequent line chemotherapy (yes vs. no)	1.09 (0.45–2.27)	0.837	1.08 (0.47–3.13)	0.876
Metastatic sites at subsequent line chemotherapy (< 2 vs. ≥ 2)	1.00 (0.58–1.71)	0.989	0.87 (0.48–1.57)	0.643
Line of initial ICI therapy (1 vs. 2)	0.78 (0.30–1.70)	0.568	0.65 (0.20–1.62)	0.416
Initial ICI regimen (monotherapy vs. combination chemotherapy)	1.22 (0.67–2.38)	0.542	1.34 (0.68–2.97)	0.429
Best overall response to initial ICI therapy (CR/PR vs. SD/PD)	0.92 (0.49–1.69)	0.790	0.83 (0.43–1.54)	0.574
Duration of initial ICI therapy (≥ 1 year vs. < 1 year)	0.90 (0.51–1.56)	0.721	0.62 (0.33–1.11)	0.115
irAEs at initial ICI therapy (yes vs. no)	0.68 (0.39–1.18)	0.169	0.90 (0.51–1.62)	0.729
Subsequent line treatment regimen (monotherapy vs. combination chemotherapy)	1.61 (0.88–3.14)	0.140	1.43 (0.77–2.82)	0.277
Baseline NLR at subsequent line therapy (≥ 3.8 vs. < 3.8)	1.22 (0.71–2.09)	0.468	1.58 (0.89–2.83)	0.121

PFS: progression-free survival; OS: overall survival; BMI: body mass index; ECOG PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; irAEs: immune-related adverse events; HR: hazard ratio; PD-L1: programmed cell death-ligand 1; SD: stable disease; PD: progressive disease; CR: complete response; PR: partial response; ICI: immune checkpoint inhibitor

Declarations

Acknowledgments

We are cordially thankful to Natalia Goriounova, PhD (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands) for critical reading and editing of this manuscript.

Author contributions

AAM: Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Data curation, Investigation, Visualization, Formal analysis. SV Odintsova, KAM, MAU, EPS, and LIM: Resources, Data curation, Investigation. SV Orlov: Writing—review & editing, Project administration, Supervision. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The study was approved (approval no. 119-2024) by the Ethics Committee of Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, and was conducted in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975.

Consent to participate

Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.

Consent to publication

Informed consent to publication was obtained from relevant participants.

Availability of data and materials

The raw data supporting the conclusions of this manuscript will be made available by the corresponding author (a.musaelyan8@gmail.com), without undue reservation, to any qualified researcher.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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