Table Info

Table 2.

Overview of studies included in the systematic review for HN primaries

Author, year	Study type	Primary	Patients	SRT	Systemic therapy	Non-target response	Criteria
Aldakhil and Mathieu [40], 2022	Case report	Meningioma	70*, F	12 Gy to the R petroclival portion of meningioma	None. Refused surgery and WB	CR of also the portion not included in the target, maintained at 52 months FUP	No systemic treatment, response outside RT field
Choi et al. [41], 2020	Case series	HN	67*, M	45 Gy/5 fx to R submandibular and level III N (adj RT 2 yrs before)	Previous 6 cycles of phase II study of atezolizumab and cobimetinib, other 2 cycles after SBRT and 6 more cycles of consolidative atezolizumab	CR of a L adrenal gland metastasis after 2 cycles of atezolizumab and cobimetinib, progression free at 13 months FUP	Response after addition of RT > IT alone
Choi et al. [41], 2020	Case series	HN	69*, M	21 Gy/3 fx to axillar N (previous exclusive RT-CHT)	Previous CHT, pembrolizumab, cetuximab, panitumumab, concomitant pembrolizumab again	Metabolic CR on primary and bilateral N, absence of PD 20 months after combined SBRT-IT
McBride et al. [42], 2021	Prospective monocentric	HN	0/32 (0%)	27 Gy/3 fx SBRT	Nivolumab	None	Response after addition of RT > IT alone
Lin et al. [43], 2022	Retrospective monocentre	HN	0/3 (0%)	25–36 Gy/5–6 fx to various target	Nivolumab, previous failure with CHT	None	Response outside RT field
Endo et al. [44], 2023	Case report	HN	72*, M	48 Gy/4 fx to a paramediastinal mtxs	Neoadjuvant and adjuvant nivolumab (stoppage during RT)	PR after 2 months and CR after 7 months of a smaller lung mtx. No PD at 18-month FUP continuing IT	PD under IT
Ito et al. [45], 2024	Prospective multicentric	HN	4/10 (40%) (1 HN)	25 Gy/5 fx to N	Nivolumab	Significantly better 1-year PFS rate group (P = 0.008) in the AE group	≥ 30% decrease of ≥ 1 non-irradiated mtxs before the next line of therapy

* Age at time of SRT. R: right; fx: fraction(s); RT: radiation treatment; yrs: years; CHT: chemotherapy; SBRT: stereotactic body radiotherapy; CR: complete response; FUP: follow-up; L: left; PD: progression disease; PR: partial response; mtx: metastasis; mtxs: metastases; AE: abscopal effect; IT: immunotherapy; SRT: stereotactic radiation techniques; HN: head and neck; F: female; M: male; N: node/nodal; PFS: progression free survival; adj: adjuvant; WB: whole brain

Declarations

Author contributions

AB: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. M Caroprese: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft. CF: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft. EC: Investigation, Writing—original draft. CAG: Investigation, Writing—review & editing. CO: Investigation, Writing—original draft. SC: Investigation, Writing—original draft. AF: Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. M Conson: Validation, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. RP: Conceptualization, Investigation, Validation, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Datasets are available on request.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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