Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
References
Tsimafeyeu I, Zolotareva T, Varlamov S, Zukov R, Petkau V, Mazhbich M, et al. Five-year Survival of Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Russian Federation: Results From the RENSUR5 Registry.Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2017;15:e1069–72. [DOI] [PubMed]
Tsimafeyeu I, Shatkovskaya O, Krasny S, Nurgaliev N, Varlamov I, Petkau V, et al. Overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Belarus: a report from the RENSUR3 registry.Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2021;4:e1331. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Barragan-Carrillo R, Saad E, Saliby R, Sun M, Albiges L, Bex A, et al. First and Second-line Treatments in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.Eur Urol. 2025;87:143–54. [DOI] [PubMed]
Motzer RJ, Porta C, Eto M, Hutson TE, Rha SY, Merchan JR, et al. Biomarker analyses from the phase III randomized CLEAR trial: lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma.Ann Oncol. 2025;36:375–86. [DOI] [PubMed]
Choueiri TK, Eto M, Motzer R, Giorgi UD, Buchler T, Basappa NS, et al. Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib as first-line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (CLEAR): extended follow-up from the phase 3, randomised, open-label study.Lancet Oncol. 2023;24:228–38.Erratum in: Lancet Oncol. 2023;24:e146. [DOI] [PubMed]
Motzer RJ, Porta C, Eto M, Powles T, Grünwald V, Hutson TE, et al.; CLEAR Trial Investigators. Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab Versus Sunitinib in First-Line Treatment of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: Final Prespecified Overall Survival Analysis of CLEAR, a Phase III Study.J Clin Oncol. 2024;42:1222–8. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Hara T, Suzuki K, Okamura Y, Chiba K, Sato R, Matsushita Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma patients: real-world experience in Japan.Int J Clin Oncol. 2024;29:1931–6. [DOI] [PubMed]
Dutcher JP, Flippot R, Fallah J, Escudier B. On the Shoulders of Giants: The Evolution of Renal Cell Carcinoma Treatment—Cytokines, Targeted Therapy, and Immunotherapy.Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2020;40:1–18. [DOI] [PubMed]
Roskoski R Jr. Combination immune checkpoint and targeted protein kinase inhibitors for the treatment of renal cell carcinomas.Pharmacol Res. 2024;203:107181. [DOI] [PubMed]
Grünwald V, Powles T, Eto M, Kopyltsov E, Rha SY, Porta C, et al. Corrigendum: Phase 3 CLEAR study in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: outcomes in subgroups for the lenvatinib-plus-pembrolizumab and sunitinib arms.Front Oncol. 2024;13:1343027.Erratum for: Front Oncol. 2023;13:1223282. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]