Table Info

Table 3.

Prognostic scores for MM based on mutational status and/or GEP

Score	Genes	Datasets	Reference
Proliferation index	11 genes: TOP2A, BIRC5, CCNB2, NEK2, ANAPC7, STK6, BUB1, CDC2, C10orf3, ASPM, and CDCA1	UAMS-TT2 UAMS-TT3	[17]
UAMS70/UAMS17	70/17 genes High risk: over expression of chromosome 1q genes and reduced expression of 1p genes	UAMS	[157]
UAMS80	80 genes	UAMS-TT2 UAMS-TT3	[158]
GSS	Good-risk: allele-specific CAN genomic markers	IFM/DFCI2009 study CoMMpass	[155]
HM19	19 genes (15 risk and 4 protective)	HM UAMS-TT2	[159]
CTA (cancer testis antigen)	87 genes Most relevant genes: MAGEC1, MAGEB2, SSX1, MAGEA6, CDCA1, MAGEA9, CTAG2	HOVON65/GMMG-HD4 APEX/SUMMIT/CREST	[160]
CI	Centrin, pericentrin, γ-tubulin	UAMS-TT2 Bortezomib trial Mayo Clinic cohort HMCLs	[161, 162]
IFM15	15 genes (cell cycle genes)	IFM-G	[163]
MRCIX6 (aka HZCDC)	BUB1B vs. HDAC3 CDC2 vs. FIS1 RAD21 vs. ITM2B	Medical Research Council-IX (MRC-IX)	[156]
GPI50 PI	50 genes Poor prognosis: gain of 1q21 or deletion of 13q14.3 Good prognosis: gain of chromosome 9, 15 or 19	HM1 (E-MTAB-316) HM2 (E-MTAB-317) E-GEOD-2658 GSE4581	[164]
EMC-92 (SKY92)	92 genes Most relevant genes: FGFR3 and BIRC5	HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 TT2, TT3, MRC IX, APEX	[165–167]
HM-metascore	Algorithmic integration of International Stating System (ISS), cytogenetics, gene-expression, event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), proliferation index, target gene expression of aurora kinase A, FGFR3, IGF1R	HM (E-MTAB-372) UAMS-TT2 MMRC (Multiple Myeloma Research Consortium data)	[168]
8-gene signature	ATF2, CCND2, CFLAR, DDX17, HSPA1A, RIT1, RNF148, WHSC1	GSE16791	[169]
Spike band score	53 (35 bad prognosis and 18 good prognosis)	HM (E-MTAB-362) UAMS-TT2 (GSE2658) HMCLs (E-TABM-937 and E-TABM-1088)	[170]
HMCL7/HMCL6	7 bad prognostic genes: TEAD1, CLEC11A, LRP12, MMSET, FGFR3, NUDT11, and KIAA1671 6 genes: FSTL5, GAGE1, GAGE12, BCHE, HOOK3, and LOC283352	HMCLs (E-TABM-937 and E-TABM-1088)	[171]
CINGECS	160 genes	GSE26849 GSE26760 GSE2658 UAMS GSE9782 APEX GSE19784 HOVON	[172]

CAT: cancer testis antigen

Declarations

Author contributions

SO performed data analyses and the writing of the paper. JM supervised the writing of the paper.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from INCa (Institut National du Cancer) PLBIO18-362 PIT-MM and PLBIO19-098 INCA_13832FATidique, ANR (the French National Research Agency) under the “Investissements d’avenir” program with the reference ANR-16-IDEX-0006, ANR (TIE-Skip; 2017-CE15-0024-01), ANR-18-CE15-0010-01 PLASMADIFF-3D, SIRIC Montpellier Cancer (INCa_Inserm_DGOS_12553), Labex EpiGenMed and Institut Universitaire de France. The funders had no role in analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Copyright

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