Allelic distribution of IL-6 SNP rs1800795 in HT patients and controls
Allele
Patients
Controls
OR (95% CI)
P value
N = 81
%
N = 211
%
G carriers
81
100
209
99
1.01 (0.09–1.02)
*F = 1
C carriers
16
19.8
43
20.4
0.92 (0.5–1.54)
0.76
G
146
90.1
375
88.8
-
0.66
C
16
9.8
47
11.1
*F: according to Fisher's exact test; IL-6: interleukin-6; SNP: single nucleotide polymorphism; HT: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Declarations
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank our colleagues for their feedback and support throughout the research process and we would also like to express our sincere gratitude to all the technical participants in this study for their time and willingness to share their experience and knowledge.
Author contributions
NL: Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing—original draft. MM: Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing—review & editing. YBY: Data curation, Writing—review & editing. HK: Writing—review & editing, Supervision. NO: Writing—review & editing, Supervision.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
This study was approved by the Ethics and Professional Conduct Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of ORAN/Decision 001/2023.
Consent to participate
Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The raw data supporting the conclusions of this manuscript will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation, to any qualified researcher.
Chabchoub G, Mnif M, Maalej A, Charfi N, Ayadi H, Abid M. Epidemiologic study of autoimmune thyroid disease in south Tunisia.Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2006;67:591–5. French. [DOI] [PubMed]
McLeod DS, Cooper DS. The incidence and prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity.Endocrine. 2012;42:252–65. [DOI] [PubMed]
Zheng L, Dou X, Song H, Wang P, Qu W, Zheng X. Bioinformatics analysis of key genes and pathways in Hashimoto thyroiditis tissues.Biosci Rep. 2020;40:BSR20200759. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Qiu K, Li K, Zeng T, Liao Y, Min J, Zhang N, et al. Integrative Analyses of Genes Associated with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis.J Immunol Res. 2021;2021:8263829. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Sawin CT. Hakaru Hashimoto (1881–1934) and his disease.Endocrinologist. 2001;11:73–6.
Tayde PS, Bhagwat NM, Sharma P, Sharma B, Dalwadi PP, Sonawane A, et al. Hypothyroidism and Depression: Are Cytokines the Link?Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2017;21:886–92. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
El-Shenawy SZ, Hemi MH, Attia H. Serum Levels of Proinfammatory Cytokines (Interleukin 6 & Interleukin 15) and Adiponectin in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis with Different Thyroid Function States.J Am Sci. 2011;7:1156–62.
Weetman AP, Bright-Thomas R, Freeman M. Regulation of interleukin-6 release by human thyrocytes.J Endocrinol. 1990;127:357–61. [DOI] [PubMed]
Ganesh BB, Bhattacharya P, Gopisetty A, Prabhakar BS. Role of cytokines in the pathogenesis and suppression of thyroid autoimmunity.J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2011;31:721–31. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Szabo-Fresnais N, Blondeau JP, Pomérance M. Activation of the cAMP pathway synergistically increases IL-1-induced IL-6 gene expression in FRTL-5 thyroid cells: involvement of AP-1 transcription factors.Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2008;284:28–37. [DOI] [PubMed]
Ruggeri RM, Barresi G, Sciacchitano S, Trimarchi F, Benvenga S, Trovato M. Immunoexpression of the CD30 ligand/CD30 and IL-6/IL-6R signals in thyroid autoimmune diseases.Histol Histopathol. 2006;21:249–56. [DOI] [PubMed]
Diamant M, Kayser L, Rasmussen AK, Bech K, Feldt-Rassmussen U. Interleukin-6 production by thyroid epithelial cells. Enhancement by interleukin-1.Autoimmunity. 1991;11:21–6. [DOI] [PubMed]
Fishman D, Faulds G, Jeffery R, Mohamed-Ali V, Yudkin JS, Humphries S, et al. The effect of novel polymorphisms in the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene on IL-6 transcription and plasma IL-6 levels, and an association with systemic-onset juvenile chronic arthritis.J Clin Invest. 1998;102:1369–76. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Bennermo M, Held C, Stemme S, Ericsson CG, Silveira A, Green F, et al. Genetic predisposition of the interleukin-6 response to inflammation: implications for a variety of major diseases?Clin Chem. 2004;50:2136–40. [DOI] [PubMed]
Luo Y, Zheng SG. Hall of Fame among Pro-inflammatory Cytokines: Interleukin-6 Gene and Its Transcriptional Regulation Mechanisms.Front Immunol. 2016;7:604. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Erdogan M, Kulaksizoglu M, Ganidagli S, Berdeli A. Genetic variations in interleukin 6 rs1800795 polymorphism and the association with susceptibility to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.Meta Gene. 2017;12:1–3. [DOI]
Baki M, Akman FE, Vural P, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Özderya A, Karadağ B, et al. The combination of ınterleukin-10 -1082 and tumor necrosis factor α -308 or ınterleukin-6 -174 genes polymorphisms suggests an association with susceptibility to Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Int Immunopharmacol. 2012;12:543–6. [DOI] [PubMed]
Durães C, Moreira CS, Alvelos I, Mendes A, Santos LR, Machado JC, et al. Polymorphisms in the TNFA and IL6 genes represent risk factors for autoimmune thyroid disease.PLoS One. 2014;9:e105492. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]
Aberkan D. Polymorphisme des gènes de cytokines pro et anti-inflammatoires dans les thyroïdites auto-immunes [dissertation]. Université Blida; 2016.
Ruggeri RM, Sciacchitano S, Vitale A, Cardelli P, Galletti M, Vitarelli E, et al. Serum hepatocyte growth factor is increased in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis whether or not it is associated with nodular goiter as compared with healthy non-goitrous individuals.J Endocrinol Invest. 2009;32:465–9. [DOI] [PubMed]
Davies PH, Black EG, Sheppard MC, Franklyn JA. Relation between serum interleukin-6 and thyroid hormone concentrations in 270 hospital in-patients with non-thyroidal illness.Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1996;44:199–205. [DOI] [PubMed]
Mestiri S, Zaaber I, Inoubli O, Abid N, Omrani A, Nejehi H, et al. Association of cytokine Th2 gene polymorphisms with autoimmune thyroid diseases in Tunisian population.Int J Immunogenet. 2020;47:294–308. [DOI] [PubMed]
Inoue N, Watanabe M, Morita M, Tatusmi K, Hidaka Y, Akamizu T, et al. Association of functional polymorphisms in promoter regions of IL5, IL6 and IL13 genes with development and prognosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases.Clin Exp Immunol. 2011;163:318–23. [DOI] [PubMed] [PMC]