Table Info

Table 2.

Vaccines in clinical use/phase III trial, their routes of administration, dose, immunogenicity, safety profile, and authorized country

Vaccine	Vaccine platform	Immunogen	Dosage	Route	Interval	Efficacy	Overall efficacy	Current EUA
BNT162b2 Pfizer-BioNTech (US) [81–86]	mRNA	SP	30 μg, 2 doses	IM	21 days	88.9% after 1st dose	52% after 1st dose; 94.6% after 7 days of 2nd dose	US, EU, Canada, and UK
mRNA-1273 Moderna (US) [87–89]	mRNA	SP	100 μg, 2 doses	IM	28 days	100% after 14 days of 2nd dose	92.1% after 14 days of 1st dose; 94.1% after 14 days of 2nd dose	US, EU, Canada, and UK
Ad26.CoV2.S Janssen/Johnson & Johnson (US) [90, 91]	Recombinant, replication incompetent human adenovirus serotype 26 vector	SP	5×10¹⁰ viral particles, single dose	IM	-	85% after 28 days; 100% after 49 days	72% in the US; 66% in Latin America; 57% in South Africa (at 28 day)	US, EU, and Canada
ChAdOx1 (AZS1222) AstraZeneca/Oxford (UK) [92–94]	Replication deficient chimpanzee adenoviral vector	SP	5×10¹⁰ viral particles, 2 doses	IM	4 to 12 weeks	100% after 21 days of 1st dose	64.1% after 1st dose; 70.4% after 14 days of 2nd dose	UK, WHO/Covax, India, and Mexico
Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V) [97]	Recombinant adenovirus	GS	10¹¹ viral particles, 2 doses	IM	21 days	100% after 21 days of 1st dose	87.6% after 14 days of 1st dose; 91.1% after 7 days of 2nd dose	Russia, Belarus, Argentina, Serbia, Egypt, Algeria, UAE, and Palestine
Covaxin (BBV152; Bharat Biotech and Ocugen) [98]	Whole-virion inactivated	SP	6 μg of whole virions, 2 doses	IM	4 weeks	81% (phase III interim results) after 2nd dose	-	India

GS: glycoprotein spike; SP: spike protein; IM: intramuscular; EUA: Emergency Use Authorization

Declarations

Author contributions

MG and MM: conception, drafting, organizing, revision, and final approval of the manuscript; SG, VS and IPS: drafting, organizing, revision, and final approval of the manuscript; HB: illustrations, drafting, revision, and final approval of the manuscript; YK: drafting, organizing, revision, and final approval of the manuscript.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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