Exploration of Immunology

Table 3. Paternal antigen-specific Tregs in the uterine regional lymph nodes and uterus mated with normal mice, seminal vesicle resected mice, and deferens-ligated mice

	Sperm	Seminal plasma	Paternal antigen-specific Tregs
			3.5 days pc (one day before implantation)		5.5 days pc (one day after implantation)
			Uterine regional lymph nodes	Uterus	Uterine regional lymph nodes	Uterus
Normal mice	+	+	↑	→	↑	↑
Seminal vesicle resected mice	+	-	→	→	→	→
Deferens-ligated mice	-	+	↑	→	↑	→

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pc: post-coitus; ↑: increase; →: no change

Declarations

Author contributions

SS wrote the paper, and AN consulted on the content of the paper. TS did research on Treg and consulted on the content of the paper. ST submitted materials for the paper.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

This study was supported by Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (grant JP18gk0110018 and JP21gk0110047) and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (KAKENHI grant JP19K09750, 20K09614, 19K18690 and 21K16764). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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