Table Info

Table 5.

Effects of antidepressants on the gut microbiome

Data source	Mechanism	Drug(s) implicated
In vitro models	Bacteriostatic effect on Lactobacillus spp.	Escitalopram, mirtazapine [164]
In vitro models	Antimicrobial effect on Bifidobacterium animalis and Bacteroides fragilis	Desipramine, venlafaxine, bupropion, phenelzine, escitalopram [161]
Animal models	Reduction in colony counts of Lactobacillus and Bacteroides in mice	Fluoxetine [163]
Animal models	Reduction in gut commensals and increase in pathogenic organisms in fish	Fluoxetine [153]
Human studies	Inconsistent effects on gut microbiota, with a possible slight increase in gut dysbiosis	Antidepressants in general [162]

Declarations

Author contributions

RPR: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. The author has read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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