Standard classifications of nerve injury mechanisms [15]
| Sunderland | Seddon | Features |
|---|---|---|
| 1st degree | Neurapraxia | Segmental demyelination (damage is limited to myelin sheath alone) |
| 2nd degree | Axonotmesis | Despite the axon being severed, the endoneurium is protected |
| 3rd degree | Axonotmesis | There is axon and endoneurium discontinuity, but there is no impact on perineurium |
| 4th degree | Axonotmesis | Discontinuity of axons, the endoneurium, and perineurium |
| 5th degree | Neurotmesis | Absence of continuity throughout the nerve, encompassing the epineurium |
Note. Adapted from “Peripheral nerve injury: A review article” by Seddighi A, Nikouei A, Seddighi AS, Zali AR, Tabatabaei SM, Sheykhi AR, et al. Int Clin Neurosci J. 2016;3:1–6 (https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/Neuroscience/article/view/12016). CC BY.
We thank Prof. Berrin Zuhal Altunkaynak for her insightful suggestions and technical help during this study.
AM: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. BD and MEÖ: Supervision, Validation, Writing—review & editing. SK: Supervision, Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. All authors granted their final clearance for this version of the work to be published after revising it critically for its intellectual content and gave their final approval for this version of the paper to be published.
Süleyman Kaplan, who is the Guest Editor of Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy, had no involvement in the decision-making or the review process of this manuscript.
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© The Author(s) 2024.