Cluster-related physiopathogenic hypothesis as standing points for treatment recommendations
Cluster (C)
Physiopathogenic hypothesis
Similar EEG/ERP findings
Recommended treatment
1
DA hypoactivity in DLPC
Neurodegenerative and developmental disorders
MPH
2
Perisylvian network hyperexcitability
Spectrum of perisylvian network epilepsies
CBZ
3
Excite-inhibit imbalance, thalamocortical
Atypical, phantom absences
VAL
4
Misallocation of attentional resources
Schizophrenia spectrum, other psychoses
RSP
5
Vascular-metabolic decoupling
Migraine
VAL, TPM
6
Cortical hyperexcitability
Other mental disorders
Directed psychotherapy
First two columns, cluster number and most loaded variables for cluster’s membership (from Table 2). Third column a brief description of the physiopathogenic hypothesis related to the cluster and supporting references. Fourth and fifth columns, other disorders with similar EEG/ERP findings. Last column, recommended treatment for each cluster, based on practice guidelines for the disorders hypothetically sharing some physiopathogenic mechanisms. DA: dopamine; EEG/ERP: electroencephalogram/event-related brain potential; MPH: methylphenidate; CBZ: carbamazepine; VAL: valproic acid; RSP: risperidone; TPM: topiramate
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
The project “Neurophysiological findings in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, a Pandora’s box with therapeutic implications” was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Español de México (signed and sealed acceptance letter).
Consent to participate
Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all the participants/parents.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The raw and analyzed EEG/ERP data and the neuropsychological scores are available on request to the corresponding author to all qualified investigators.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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