Table Info

Table 1.

Family occurrence of achalasia with vertical transmission

References	Affected family members	Sex (M/F)	Age at onset (yr)
Evsyutina et al. [13]	Mother/daughter	F/F	23/25
Raj and Rajan [14]	Mother/son	F/M	75/48
Zimmermann and Rosensweig et al [10]	Son/father	M/M	36/72
Chawla et al. [15]	Mother/son	F/M	72/45
Mackler and Schneider [16]	Son/father	M/M	37/63
Kilpatrick and Milles [17]	Mother/daughter	F/F	59/46

yr: year

Note. Adapted from “Family occurrence of achalasia and diffuse spasm of the oesophagus,” by Frieling T, Berges W, Borchard F, Lübke HJ, Enck P, Wienbeck M. Gut. 1988;29:1595–602. https://gut.bmj.com/content/29/11/1595. CC BY-NC.

Declarations

Author contributions

AT: Conceptualization, Resources, Data curation, Formal analysis, Supervision, Funding acquisition, Validation, Investigation, Visualization, Methodology, Writing—original draft, Project administration, Writing—review & editing. FB: Resources, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Methodology, Writing—review & editing. MEAB: Resources, Investigation. ML: Resources, Investigation. NO: Resources, Investigation.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

An ethical approval was obtained and the protocol of the study was approved by the hospital ethical committee.

Consent to participate

Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.

Consent to publication

Informed consent to publication was obtained from relevant participants.

Availability of data and materials

The datasets of this study can be found in Tebaibia’s data base, and can be shared on demand.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

References

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