Factors associated with HBsAg seroclearance

FactorsDescriptions
Factors associated with a higher likelihood of HBsAg seroclearanceLow quantitative HBsAg [10–12, 19], e.g., < 100 IU/mL for Asians and < 1,000 IU/mL for Caucasians [12, 30]
Strong kinetic of HBsAg level decline [11, 13]
Low HBV DNA level, e.g., HBV DNA level < 2,000 IU/mL in untreated patients [12]; pretreatment HBV DNA level < 20,000 IU/mL [17]; HBV DNA level < 100 IU/mL at week 24 after antiviral treatment cessation [18]
Negative HBeAg [10, 16]
Older age [11, 12, 16]
Non-Asian population [11, 19, 30]
HCV co-infection [21]
Novel HBV treatments such as siRNA and ASO [31]
Interferon treatment [10]
Factors that may be associated with HBsAg seroclearanceHBV genotype A or D [16, 19]
Presence of hepatic steatosis [12, 29]
HIV co-infection [23–25]

ASO: antisense oligonucleotides; HBeAg: hepatitis B e antigen; HBsAg: hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; siRNA: small interfering RNA