Table Info

Table 3.

Triggering factors in AD and ACLF

Triggering factors	AD	ACLF
Unknown	57%	10–50%
Known	Infections (58%)	Infections (48%)
	HBV reactivation	HBV reactivation
	HAV infection	HAV infection
	HEV infection	HEV infection
	Alcohol-related hepatitis	Alcohol-related hepatitis
	DILI	DILI
	Neurotoxic drugs	Neurotoxic drugs
	GI bleeding	GI bleeding^*
	Surgery	Native American ancestry
	Trauma
	TIPS
	TACE
	RFA
	Portal vein thrombosis

^* Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is not accepting a trigger factor for ACLF in APASL unless it fulfills the APASL-ACLF criteria and causes jaundice and coagulopathy. AD: acute decompensation; ACLF: acute-on-chronic liver failure; DILI: drug-induced liver injury; RFA: radiofrequency ablation; TACE: transarterial chemoembolization; TIPS: transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

Declarations

Author contributions

SA: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—review & editing.

Conflicts of interest

The author declares no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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