Proposed adapted REMARK criteria for evaluating biomarker efficacy
Classification
Recommendation
Prospectively design*
Control arm**
Validation set***
A
High
YES
YES
YES
B
Low
NO
YES
YES
C
Very low
NO
NO
NO
* Includes a prospective sample size for the biomarker, with pre-defined differences in PFS and/or OS (HR) after adjusting with other variables in advanced disease or pre-defined differences on pathological complete response in neoadjuvant setting. ** Control arm. Exposure to other therapies to evaluate if the effect is prognostic or predictive. *** Validation set. Use of at least one additional set with the same biomarker and cut-off. PFS: progression-free survival; OS: overall survival; HR: hazard ratio
Declarations
Author contributions
MR: Funding acquisition, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. CR and RM: Data curation, Writing—review & editing. MC and JM: Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
Not applicable.
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.
Funding
This research was funded by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [PID2023-150539OB-I00], funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 to MC, and the ICREA Academia Prize funded by ICREA Foundation to MC. This research was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) [AC24/00028] to JM. Grants were from the Catalan Agency for the Management of University and Research Grants (AGAUR), specifically [2021-SGR-01328] to JM and [2021-SGR-00350] to MC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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