Table Info

Table 1.

Drug resistance mutations in HBV polymerase gene and rescue anti-HBV therapies after developing drug resistance

Type of drug resistance	Drug resistance mutations in HBV polymerase gene [61]	Recommended treatment [47]
LAM resistance	rt80V/I, rtl169T, rtV173L, rtL180M, rtA181T, rtT184S, rtM204V/I, rt236T	Change to TDF or TAF
Telbivudine resistance	rtM204I	Change to TDF or TAF
Adeforvir resistance	rt181T/V, rt236T	Without LAM/telbivudine resistance: change to ETV, TDF or TAF; With LAM/telbivudine resistance: change to TDF or TAF
Tenofovir resistance	rtA194T	No resistance detected to date
ETV resistance	rtl169T, T184A/C/F/G/I/L/M/S, rtM204V/I, rt202G/C/I, M250I/L/V	ETV + TDF or ETV + TAF; Change to TDF or TAF

ETV: entecavir; LAM: lamivudine; TAF: tenofovir alafenamide; TDF: tenofovir disoproxil fumarate

Declarations

Author contributions

JY: Writing—original draft. JG and YX: Writing—review & editing, Investigation, Supervision. All authors agreed to submit to the current journal; gave final approval of the version to be published; and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Conflicts of interest

Prof. Jinsheng Guo and Youhua Xie who are Guest Editors of Exploration of Digestive Diseases, had no involvement in the decision-making or the review process of this manuscript.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

All the citations included in this manuscript are available upon request by contact with the corresponding author.

Funding

This work was funded by the National Fund of Nature Science of P.R. China [91129705, 81070340, 81971921] and Shanghai Pujiang Talent Program [09PJ1402600]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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