Table Info

Table 2.

Profile of bone biomarkers in RA, CD, PsA and Paget’s disease of bone (PDB)

Biomarkers	RA	CD	PsA	PDB
sRANKL	↑↑	↑↑	↑↑	↑
OPG	NL/↑	↑	↑	↑
OPG AB	NL/↑	↑	N/A	N/A
DKK-1	↑↑	N/A	↑/↓	NL/↑
DKK-AB	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

sRANKL: soluble RANKL; ↑: elevated; NL/↑: both normal and elevated levels reported; ↑↑: significantly elevated; N/A: data not available; ↑/↓: both increased and decreased levels reported

Declarations

Acknowledgments

I would like to express my gratitude to my wife, Mrs. Dr. Batool Dadkhah for her intellectual assistances.

Author contributions

FS: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. The author read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The author declares that there is no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

All required data are included in the manuscript.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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