Table Info

Table 2.

The different hip types according to Graf [16]

Graf-type	Age	Bony roof α angle	Bony rim	Cartilaginous roof β angle
I: mature hip	Every age	Good, α ≥ 60°	Angular/Blunt	Covering femoral head, β < 55°
IIa: physiological immature, age-appropriate	< 12 weeks	Sufficient, α = 50°–59°	Round	Covering femoral head
IIa+: physiological immature, age-appropriate	> 6 weeks	Sufficient, α = 50°–59°
IIa-: physiological immature, maturation deficit	> 6 weeks	Inadequate, α = 50°–59°
IIb: delay in bony maturation	> 12 weeks	Inadequate, α = 50°–59°
IIc: critical hip	Every age	Highly insufficient, α = 43°–49°	Round to flattened	Covering femoral head, stable, β < 77°
D: hip with beginning decentration		Highly insufficient, α = 43°–49°	Round to flattened	Displaced, β > 77°
III: decentred hip		Bad, α < 43°	Flattened	Pressed upwards
IV: decentred hip		Bad, α < 43°	Flattened	Pressed downwards

Declarations

Author contributions

TK and CC: Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing.

Conflicts of interest

Both authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

According to our local ethical comittee, the article does not require ethical approval.

Consent of participate

Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

All data for this study are included in the manuscript.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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