Anti-cancer activity of psoralidin in different malignancies

Cancer typeModelInhibitory concentrationsAnti-cancer activityMechanism of actionReferences
ProstatePC-3, DU-145, PzHPV-7, xenograft45–60 µMInduction of apoptosis
↑Death receptors
↓Tumor growth		↓TNF-α mediated NF-кB signaling[113]
PC-3, DU-145, LNCaP, C4-2B, xenograft45–60 µM↓Cell proliferation
↓Tumor growth
Induction of apoptosis		↓EGFR/MAPK signaling[114]
LNCaP20–50 µMInduction of apoptosis
↓Cell proliferation		↑TRAIL[115]
PC-3, PzHPV-7, C4-2B5–20 µM↓Cell proliferation
↓Migration, Invasion		ROS generation[116]
RWPE-1, xenograft mice4 µM↓Cell proliferation
Induction of apoptosis
Autophagy induction
EMT Inhibition		↓NF-кB signaling[117]
CervicalHeLa50 µMInduction of apoptosis
Depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential		↑TRAIL induced R2 death receptor[118]
Lung A54910–20 µM↓Cell proliferation
Autophagy induction		ROS generation[119]
Breast MCF-7, MDA-MB-23110–20 µM↓Cell proliferation
DNA damage
Autophagy induction		ROS generation
↑Nitrogen oxides		[120]
EsophagealEca970610 µM↓Cell proliferation
Induction of apoptosis		↓NF-кB signaling
↓PI3K/Akt signaling		[121]
ColonSW4805–20 µM↓Cell proliferation
Induction of apoptosis		↓NF-кB signaling[122]
HT-29, HCT-1160–20 µMInduction of apoptosis
depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential		ROS generation[123]
LiverHepG264 µMInduction of apoptosis↑p53 [124]
HepG2, xenograft9 µM↓Cell proliferation
G2/M cell cycle arrest
Induction of apoptosis
Autophagy induction
↓Tumor growth		- [125]
Osteosarcoma143B, MG63, orthotopic mice30 µM↓Cell proliferation
↓Migration, Invasion
Induction of apoptosis
Cell cycle arrest		↓PI3K/Akt signaling
↓FAK		[126]

EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition; FAK: focal adhesion kinase; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; NF-кB: nuclear factor kappa B; PI3K/Akt: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B; p53: tumor protein; ROS: reactive oxygen species; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha; TRAIL: tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand; TRAIL-R2: TRAIL-receptor 2; -: blank cell