Table Info

Table 5.

Strategies developed to overcome limitations in the use of peptides

Limitation	Strategy	References
Improve stability by preventing proteolysis	Use of modified amino acids such as D amino acids, methylated amino acids, and beta-amino acids among others	[20, 81, 82]
Improve stability and activity by preserving secondary structure	Use of hydrogen bond surrogates (HBS), generation of covalent bonds, cyclic peptides	[81–83]
Membrane penetration	Conjugation with lipids or biocompatible polymers	[20]
Delivery systems to enhance activity and stability	Use of nanotechnology Functionalized surfaces Nucleic acids systems Hydrogels and scaffolds	[84–86]
Cost of synthesis	New strategies towards circular economy Production as recombinants	[23, 87]

Declarations

Acknowledgments

The authors thank all the students who were part of this journey and who have supported each of the reported publications.

Author contributions

CC: Conceptualization, Data Curation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Validation, Visualization, Funding acquisition. PS: Writing—review & editing. CA: Data curation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Validation. LM and SM: Writing—review & editing. FA: Writing—review & editing, Validation. FG: Conceptualization, Data curation, Validation, Project administration.

Conflicts of interest

Fernando Albericio, the Editor-in-Chief and a Guest Editor of Exploration of Drug Science, and Fanny Guzmán, a Guest Editor of Exploration of Drug Science, had no involvement in the decision-making or the review process of this manuscript. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

FG received financial support from ANID Fondecyt [1210056]. CC received funding support form ANID Fondecyt [1240448]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Copyright

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