Table Info

Table 5.

Examples of narrow spectrum antibacterials with their binding site function

Narrow spectrum antibacterial	Binding site function	References
Methicillin	Competitively blocking the transpeptidase enzyme, which is a type of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).	[74]
Nafcillin	Specifically targets PBPs essential for cell wall synthesis, aiding in cross-linking peptidoglycan for wall rigidity.	[75]
Oxacillin	The binding site is shaped by loops near helix 5, affecting substrate affinity; variants like OXA-2 and OXA-51 bind better to carbapenems.	[76]
Cloxacillin	Binds to serum albumin through hydrophobic interactions, with a 1:1 stoichiometry, as indicated by fluorescence spectroscopy studies.	[77]

Declarations

Author contributions

AMR and SSP: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. KD and RD: Validation, Writing—review & editing, Supervision. All authors read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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