Effect of oral administration of ethanolic extract of M.myristica seed and selenium nanoparticle on fasting blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Parameters/Days
NDR
DR + dH2O
DR + metformin
DR + 25 mg/kg b.wt of EEMS
DR + 50 mg/kg b.wt of EEMS
DR +100 mg/kg b.wt of EEMS
DR + 10 mg/kg b.wt of SeNP
DR + 20 mg/kg b.wt of SeNP
Day 0
67.20 ± 7.50 a
63.40 ± 13.43 a
67.60 ± 8.26 a
66.80 ± 11.65 a
66.80 ± 10.45 a
66.00 ± 10.93 a
62.40 ± 11.13 a
64.20 ± 10.33 a
Day 1
71.20 ± 15.27 α
418.40 ± 44.59 b
347.40 ± 44.46 b
426.80 ± 62.29 b
354.80 ± 53.05 b
440.00 ± 83.56 b
432.00 ± 30.06 b
458.00 ± 52.96 b
Day 4
61.60 ± 8.71 a
256.80 ± 23.53 b
166.80 ± 20.25 c
233.00 ± 53.32 b, c
75.00 ± 14.98 a
291.00 ± 37.16 b
263.20 ± 57.10 b
157.60 ± 44.40 c
Day 7
50.00 ± 10.65 a
276.00 ± 21.22 b
141.00 ± 34.29 c
130.60 ± 50.25 c
51.20 ± 18.36 a
273.80 ± 30.72 b
153.00 ± 42.76 b, c
194.40 ± 4.93 c
Day 10
56.20 ± 6.65 a
266.80 ± 26.50 c
94.60 ± 27.51 a, b
114.60 ± 57.57 a
61.00 ± 14.30 a
242.60 ± 68.23 c
115.60 ± 6.66 a, b
94.80 ± 19.84 a, b
Day 13
60.00 ± 9.41 a
284.80 ± 31.59 c
79.20 ± 24.17 a
127.60 ± 49.39 a, b
64.80 ± 7.79 a
227.20 ± 33.55 d
70.80 ± 23.53 a
80.00 ± 15.81 a
Day 14
62.40 ± 11.52 a
267.80 ± 25.77 b
66.40 ± 13.61 a
62.60 ± 8.05 a
69.20 ± 11.17 a
194.00 ± 43.15 c
63.20 ± 8.04 a
70.00 ± 21.89 a
Values are means of five replicates ± STD. Values with different superscript are significantly different (P < 0.05) from others. Statistical significance was determined using superscripts (e.g., a, b, c and d) to indicate differences among groups at a significance level of P < 0.05 (5%). NDR: non-diabetic rats; DR: diabetic rats; dH2O: distilled water; SeNPs: selenium nanoparticles; b.wt: body weight; EEMS: ethanolic extract of M. myristica seed; Day 0: FBS level pre-induction
Declarations
Acknowledgments
We wish to acknowledge the Research facilities at Fulcrum Innovation Limited, Ilorin, Nigeria for supporting with bio-evaluations and assay.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
Ethical approval to conduct this research was obtained from Summit University Ethical Review Committee (SUERCA). The research was carried out after ethical approval from the departmental Ethical Committee on the Care and Use of Experimental Animals of Chemicals Sciences Department, Summit University, Offa Nigeria with approval number: SUERC/CONAS/2023/002 dated 26th June 2023.
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
The raw data used in this study originated from the Department of Chemical Sciences, Summit University Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria while the derived data substantiating the findings can be obtained from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.
Funding
The authors specifically recognize the financial support provided to B.O. Yusuf [PSTD2204274997] by the National Research Foundation of South Africa. Also, the partial financial support provided to A.O. Akinfenwa by Istabaraqim Nigeria Limited (RC 129541), and Prof. Nafiu Mikhail of Biochemistry department, University of Ilorin Nigeria for their contributions. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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