Clinical manifestations of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) [1, 6]
Organ system
Symptoms
Respiratory
Tachypnea
Sense of suffocating
Dyspnea
Asthma
Bronchospasm
Cough
Otorhinolaryngological
Hyperosmia
Burning eyes—stinging sensation
Laryngeal burning sensation
Neurological
Cephalgia
Migraine
Asthenia
Trembling
Attention deficit
Dizziness
Confusion
Loss of concentration capacity
Sensorial: abnormal perception of odors
Sensorial: visual disturbances
Sensorial: hyperacusis
Insomnia
Dermatological
Pruritus
Eczema
Rash
Urticaria/angioedema
Skin photosensitivity
Dermographism
Rheumatological
Arthralgia
Myalgia
Cardiovascular
Palpitations
Arrhythmia
Tachycardia
Gastroenterological
Nausea
Abdominal pain
Irritable colon
Endocrinological
Dysthyroidism
Adrenal gland disorders
Pituitary disorders
Psychological/psychiatric
Anxiety
Panic attacks
Depression
Bipolar disorder
The bold symptoms represent the most frequent symptoms in MCS
Declarations
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments for the figurines in Figure 1: The Figure was partly generated using Servier Medical Art, provided by Servier, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 unported license.
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