Table Info

Table 1.

Components, active ingredients and effects of moisturizers and emollients [14, 17, 26, 27]

Moisturizers and emollients	Components	Active ingredients	Effects
Moisturizers	Humectants	Urea Glycerin/glycerol	Enhancing the capacity of the stratum corneum to retain and attract water
	Occlusive agents	Hydrocarbons (petrolatum, mineral oil, paraffin, squalene) Silicones (dimethicone, cyclomethicone, amodimethicone) Animal and vegetable fats (lanolin, shea butter, grape seed oil, avocado oil, hemp oil, jojoba oil, sesame seed oil, nut oil) Fatty acids (lanolin acid, stearic acid) Fatty and polyhydric alcohols (lanolin alcohol, cetyl alcohol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol) Wax esters (lanolin, beeswax, stearyl stearate) Vegetable waxes (carnauba, candelilla) Phospholipids (lecithin) Sterols (cholesterol)	Forming a semi-occlusive epidermal barrier Inhibiting water loss Limiting the penetration allergens
	Hydrophilic matrices	Colloidal oatmeal	Forming a physical protective coating over the skin Moisturizing Soothing Anti-inflammatory Protecting the skin barrier Antioxidant
Emollients	Protective and fatting substances	Diisopropyl dilinoleate Isopropyl isostearate Castor oil Propylene glycol Jojoba oil Isostearyl isostearate Octyl stearate	Forming a strong protective film on the skin surface Providing a slightly greasy thin layer with longer-lasting effect on the skin Yielding soft and smooth texture of the skin

Declarations

Author contributions

SM: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing, Validation, Supervision. The author read and approved the submitted version.

Conflicts of interest

The author declares that she has no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent to publication

Not applicable.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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