The microbial load of GF oat-based breakfast wraps filled with beef (GF_W_B), chicken (GF_W_C), fish (GF_W_F), PWL (GF_W_PWL), and SWP (GF_W_SWP)

MicroorganismsGF_W_BGF_W_CGF_W_FGF_W_PWLGF_W_SWP
AMBND6 × 10–33 × 10–3NDND
Escherichia coliNDNDNDNDND
Total coliformsNDNDNDNDND
Salmonella spp.NDNDNDNDND
Yeasts and molds1 × 10–32 × 10–3ND2 × 10–32 × 10–3

ND: not detected; GF: gluten-free; PWL: palm weevil larvae; SWP: Mulberry Silkworm pupae