Hypercontractile phenotype and prognosis
| Parameter | Cut-off | Population | EF method | Finding | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EF | ≥ 65% | 5,127 females with ACS | Qualitative | HR = 2.0 for 6-month death and 2.5 for in-hospital death | Saab et al. [91], 2010 |
| ≥ 70% | 403,977 allcomers | Qualitative | HR = 1.71 (HR = 1.17 for EF 65–70%) for all-cause death | Wehner et al. [9], 2020 | |
| > 70% | 499,153 allcomers | Quantitative | Mortality rate slightly increase for EF > 75% | Stewart et al. [92], 2021 | |
| > 70% | 33,699 HF patients | Quantitative | HR = 1.33 for non-cv death | Kondo et al. [33], 2023 | |
| > 65% | 6,128 acute HF patients | Quantitative | HR = 2.65 for non-cv death | van Essen et al. [8], 2023 | |
| > 60% | 255 acute HF patients | Qualitative | Event-free survival was worse | Ohte et al. [34], 2024 | |
| > 70% | 16,994 allcomers | Quantitative | HR = 1.56 for all-cause death | Gotsman et al. [7], 2023 | |
| GLS | > 26.7% | 502 with EF ≥ 55% | Not significant for cv death/cardiac hospitalization | Verdonschot et al. [36], 2021 |
EF: ejection fraction; ACS: acute coronary syndrome; HF: heart failure; HR: hazard ratio; GLS: global longitudinal strain
