Screening and follow-up recommendations

Age rangeRecommended screeningFrequencyNotes/Reference values
Childhood (1–12 years)Blood pressure and weight measurementsEvery 6 months or annuallyFollow pediatric guidelines for blood pressure levels
Adolescence (13–18 years)Echocardiography (including TDI) and metabolic evaluationsAnnually or biannuallyMonitor for early signs of ventricular dysfunction
Young adulthood (19–30 years)Comprehensive cardiovascular screening (BP, lipids, echocardiography)AnnuallyEarly intervention recommended if abnormalities are detected

TDI: tissue doppler imaging