Exploration of Cardiology

Table 1. Clinical and echocardiographic findings of the study population

Variable	Data
Clinical findings
Age (years)	68 ± 10
Male sex	341 (64%)
BMI (kg/m²)	26.8 ± 4.3
BMI ≥ 30	104 (20%)
Diabetes mellitus	142 (27%)
Arterial hypertension	344 (65%)
Hypercholesterolemia	324 (61%)
Current smoker	112 (21%)
Left bundle branch block	26 (5%)
Permanent atrial fibrillation	21 (4%)
Paced rhythm	15 (3%)
Prior myocardial infarction	98 (18%)
Prior CABG	15 (3%)
Prior PCI	125 (24%)
Known CAD	150 (28%)
Ongoing medical therapy
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors	151 (28%)
Angiotensin receptor blocker	105 (20%)
Calcium-antagonist	123 (23%)
β-Blocker	189 (36%)
Statin	309 (58%)
Antiplatelet	229 (43%)
Anticoagulant	31 (6%)
Echocardiographic findings
Heart rate (beats/min)	68 ± 11
SBP (mmHg)	134 ± 16
DBP (mmHg)	79 ± 9
LVEDV (mL)	88 ± 28
LVESV (mL)	37 ± 19
SBP/LVESV	4.4 ± 1.8
LVEF	59 ± 9
LVEF < 50%	58 (11%)
B-lines	1.4 ± 3.8
B-lines ≥ 2	108 (20%)
GLS (%)	16.3 ± 3.2
GLS ≤ 16.2%	223 (42%)

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The data presented are mean ± SD or number (%) of patients. BMI: body mass index; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; CAD: coronary artery disease; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; LVEDV: left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV: left ventricular end-systolic volume; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction

Declarations

Author contributions

LC: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Writing—original draft. MFO, MF and FB: Data curation, Formal Analysis, Writing—review & editing. All authors approved the submitted version of the manuscript.

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

The study complies with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the institutional ethics committee (Azienda USL Toscana Nordovest, decreto N. 1954, June 19, 2018).

Consent to participate

The informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants.

Consent to publication

The informed consent to publication was obtained from relevant participants.

Availability of data and materials

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Funding

Not applicable.

Copyright

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