Properties of chitosan as a biomaterial scaffold for engineering skin substitutes and to accelerate wound healing
1
Biodegradability
Chitosan is amenable to enzymatic hydrolysis by lysozyme & lipase present in the body [49] & bacteria [50]
2
Cytocompatibility
Chitosan exhibits good cytocompatibility towards keratinocytes, fibroblasts, dorsal root ganglion neurons, and Schwann cells [51–53]
3
Hemostatic effects
Chitosan can adhere to red blood cells and encourages platelets to adhere, activate, and aggregate at the site of vascular injury [54]
4
Anti-inflammatory
Chitosan inhibits the release of different pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α & interleukins (IL)-6 [55], and IL-3, 4, 5 [56]
5
Angiogenesis
Chitosan can stimulate proliferation of keratinocytes, vascular cells, and dermal fibroblasts [57]
6
Mechanical stability
Mechanical properties of CS-based scaffolds can be enhanced through modifications like cross-linking or blending with other natural or synthetic polymers
7
Drug delivery
Chitosan has functional groups amenable to coupling bioactive molecules, nanoparticles and drugs for controlled release [58, 59]
8
Antibacterial property
The positive charge of chitosan forms electrostatic interactions between the chitosan molecule and the bacterial cell wall
Declarations
Author contributions
ASD: Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. NM and RM: Conceptualization, Writing—review & editing. All authors read and approved the submitted version
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
Not applicable.
Consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent to publication
Not applicable.
Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.
Funding
ASD acknowledges Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment (KSCSTE), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, for providing financial support through the fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Open Exploration maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims in published institutional affiliations and maps. All opinions expressed in this article are the personal views of the author(s) and do not represent the stance of the editorial team or the publisher.
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