Traditional medicine systems worldwide utilize natural products (NPs), including plant-derived compounds, minerals, and organisms, harnessing their healing potential. NPs offer a rich source of potential drug candidates, driving innovation in drug discovery. Recent breakthroughs have reignited interest in harnessing the therapeutic benefits of natural compounds. Clinical applications of NP-based immunotherapies, such as curcumin and resveratrol in cancer treatment, highlight their diverse pharmacological properties. However, despite these advancements, challenges persist in the clinical implementation of NPs. Issues such as standardization, regulatory approval, and supply sustainability remain significant hurdles. Overcoming these limitations requires a concerted effort to address the complexities of NP drug development. Nevertheless, ongoing research efforts and interdisciplinary collaboration hold promise for advancing NP-based therapeutics, paving the way for the development of innovative treatments for various diseases. In the world of precision medicine, a new chapter unfolds as NPs join the therapeutic journey. The exploration of NPs as sources of bioactive compounds has revealed promising prospects for precision therapeutics in medicine. This article explores the therapeutic potential of NPs within the context of precision medicine. It examines the intricate pathways through which bioactive compounds derived from nature offer tailored therapeutic prospects, emphasizing their role in precision medicine interventions. Exploring the synergy between NPs and precision therapeutics at a molecular level, this article delineates the exciting prospect of customized treatments, signifying a transformative impact on modern medical care. The review article further highlights their potential in tailoring treatments based on individual genetic makeup and disease characteristics. Additionally, it discusses challenges and prospects, addressing issues of sourcing, standardization, scalability, and regulatory considerations to realize the full therapeutic potential of NPs.

In recent times, there has been a revolutionary surge in antioxidant research, with a focus on harnessing microalgae to enhance wellness and extend human longevity. Microalgae, a diverse group of unicellular photosynthetic organisms, have emerged as promising sources of natural antioxidants due to their ability to synthesize various bioactive compounds, including carotenoids, polyphenols, and tocopherols. These antioxidants play a pivotal role in scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress, known contributors to aging and chronic diseases. This review provides an over-view of recent advancements in understanding microalgae’s antioxidant potential, covering their biochemical composition, extraction techniques, and purification methods. Moreover, it delves into compelling in vitro and in vivo studies showcasing microalgae-derived antioxidants’ protective effects against oxidative damage, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The sustainable cultivation of microalgae in controlled environments further supports the potential for large-scale production and commercialization of their antioxidant compounds. As microalgae continue to revolutionize antioxidant research, they hold immense promise in developing novel preventive and therapeutic strategies to promote human health and wellbeing.

The potent pain-relieving properties of opioids come at a steep price. Their addictive nature and side effects raise critical concerns in managing pain after surgical spine procedures. Postoperatively, spinal surgeries often accompany acute intense pain, which presents a significant challenge in optimal recovery. This paper reviews the historical approach to pain management in spine surgeries and expands on the use of alternatives and novel agents with reduced addictive potential. Additionally showcasing individualized multimodal strategies for postoperative pain management beyond pharmacological approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), physical therapy, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). Given the global opioid addiction crisis, there is a growing need for a fundamental shift towards safer and effective alternatives. Transitioning beyond opioid-centric practices in spinal surgery can optimize pain relief while improving patient outcomes and minimizing risk.