The health sector in Yemen has experienced significant challenges due to prolonged conflict and suboptimal governance, making the development of digital health (DH) crucial. This study highlights the urgent need for the strategic implementation of health interventions in a country where fully functional healthcare facilities, low-income levels, damaged infrastructure, and suboptimal governance limit the effectiveness of traditional interventions. It discusses the prioritized step for advancing DH as a root issue that needs to be addressed first and highlights the importance of effective and efficient management of available resources. The development of telecommunication infrastructure is a fundamental pillar for advancing DH in the country. This comes along with consideration of effective management of the available resources and collaborative efforts among all parties, which are critically important to remove restrictions and constraints relevant to the administrative division and fragmentation of the healthcare system and objectively ensure universal coverage of telecommunications and healthcare services nationwide. By leveraging DH technologies (DHTs), Yemen can overcome these obstacles and revolutionize healthcare delivery. Implementing DHTs and related projects can ensure equitable access to high-quality healthcare services, particularly for impoverished individuals. However, the success of these initiatives relies on a well-established supportive policy and regulatory framework, improved public communication systems, targeted strategies, community engagement, and collaboration between medical service providers and community healthcare workers. Awareness campaigns, workshops, research collaborations, and engagement with international organizations are highly recommended to address challenges and foster the growth and development of DH in Yemen.

Somalia’s healthcare system faces significant challenges, including limited infrastructure, a shortage of healthcare professionals (2.5 physicians per 10,000 people), and geographic disparities in access to care, leading to only 35% of the population having access to basic health services. Despite these, Somalia is embracing digital health technologies to address these challenges and to improve healthcare delivery. Telehealth platforms such as Baano and SomDoctor provide remote consultations and specialized care to overcome geographical barriers. mHealth solutions, including Hello! Caafi, leverages Somalia’s expanding telecommunications network to deliver healthcare information and services. The development of an electronic immunization registry demonstrated the role of digital health records in streamlining health services and improving data accuracy. Despite the potential benefits, challenges persist, including limited and unreliable Internet access (27.6% penetration rate), and the need to ensure data privacy and security. Capacity building and digital literacy enhancement among healthcare providers and populations are crucial. Learning from successful digital health initiatives in African countries that have effectively used digital health technologies for medical supply delivery and for improved healthcare access is essential. The roadmap for Somalia emphasizes government leadership, public-private partnerships, context-specific solutions, and investment in digital infrastructure, capacity building, and data privacy measures. This perspective explores current digital health innovations in Somalia and their potential impact on healthcare access and quality, outlining a roadmap for establishing a sustainable digital health ecosystem.

This research provided an in-depth analysis of endoscopic capsules as an innovative application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in healthcare. The study revealed the importance of these systems in advancing gastrointestinal diagnostics due to their non-invasive nature and ability to provide comprehensive internal imaging. The work systematically investigated the device’s technical design, power management strategies, communication protocols, and how it performs its secure and efficient operations. Findings from this analysis highlighted the transformative impact of these capsules despite current constraints, such as battery limitations and procedural costs. Ultimately, this wide review confirmed that endoscopic capsules redefine medical diagnostics, fusing patient comfort with innovative technology. Moreover, as developments continue, these devices have promising potential to shape the future of intelligent, interconnected healthcare solutions.